Surgery – Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material
Patent
1993-07-27
1995-02-07
Kruter, Jerome L.
Surgery
Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material
604118, A61M 100
Patent
active
053872045
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to a method and a device designed to, without air or gas admixture, collect and/or convey various types of liquids, to be stored in a closed air free/gas free package or receiver or to be directly fed into another liquid system, without any contact with human hands and without any risk of contamination during the operation and preferably under sterile conditions.
The invention can be used when handling various types of liquids and for many purposes, particularly when handling liquids, which easily are damaged, oxidized, gelled etc., i.a. due to influence of air or other gases, liquids which tend to foam when handled, liquids which contain not desirable or harmful particles or impurities, mixed liquids which tend to separate or form layers etc., during or after the collection.
The method and the device can be used e.g. when food-stuffs such as milk, cream, oils, fruit drinks, juices etc. are handled, when corrosive or hazardous liquids of various types are handled, when it is important that the liquid will not contact human skin or be discharged into the environment or into drains, when oils are handled or liquid mixtures which are mutually insoluble are handled, when blood is handled in connection with medical surgical operations, when various types of waste liquors etc. are sucked.
The invention was developed particularly in connection with the handling of blood, and it will in the following text mainly be described in connection with such a handling.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Blood is always a liquid in short supply and large amounts of blood are used during blood transfusions, e.g. in connection with surgical operations. Blood is expensive to collect, to test as well as to store. There is also a risk of transmission of jaundice, HIV-infection and other diseases during blood transfusions.
In connection with certain operations the patient may lose large quantities of blood, sometimes as much as several liters. This blood normally is wasted and the patient has to receive the corresponding amount of blood through transfusions.
The problem of supplying blood has to some extent been solved in various ways. There are e.g. methods of purifying and anticoagulation-treating blood, which has been partially coagulated, but these methods are expensive and time-consuming, and the transfusion product is inferior. Also. autotransfusions are used now, a patient letting his own blood as a blood-donor a few weeks before a planned operation, the patient, in case a need arises, having his own blood restored during or subsequent to the operation. However, this method needs planning and cannot be applied when emergency operations are needed. Normally, the patient also must be reasonably healthy, when he is a blood-donor, and equipment for possible purification, catalogueing and storage of the patient's blood is required. This method has so far only been sparingly used.
Consequently, the basis of the invention, according to the last mentioned aspects of blood treatment, has been the idea of trying to collect and autologously inject in the patient as much as possible of his own blood, which is removed from his blood vessel system during the operation.
Four main problems arise when doing this: gas or a gas mixture inevitably are sucked jointly with the blood, which results in an air admixture with a strong frothing, which like the contact of the blood with foreign substances and free air contributes to an initiation of the mechanisms, which lead to an activation of the coagulation system of the blood as well as alterations of or in the cells of the blood; gas as well as froth will be dominant in the storage unit, which accelerates the coagulation and besides prevents a direct return of the blood to the patient, partly due to the air contents itself and partly also due to the fact that the enzyme system and the cells of the blood are activated by the interface between blood and air bubbles; operation wound (clots, muscle, fat, bone etc.), which activate the enzy
REFERENCES:
patent: 3783866 (1974-01-01), Tirkkonen
patent: 4191181 (1980-03-01), Franetzki et al.
patent: 5024613 (1991-06-01), Vasconcellos et al.
patent: 5098372 (1992-03-01), Jonsson
patent: 5234403 (1993-08-01), Yoda et al.
Olsson Per
Stromberg Lennart
Kruter Jerome L.
Medical Projects HB
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