Electricity: measuring and testing – Impedance – admittance or other quantities representative of... – Lumped type parameters
Patent
1998-11-30
2000-02-15
Ballato, Josie
Electricity: measuring and testing
Impedance, admittance or other quantities representative of...
Lumped type parameters
324662, 324690, 324687, 324663, 34087037, G01R 2726
Patent
active
060257261
ABSTRACT:
A quasi-electrostatic sensing system surrounds an electrically conductive mass with an electric field, the magnitude of which is sensed at one or more locations to resolve a property of interest concerning the mass. The object intercepts a part of the electric field extending beween the AC-coupled "sending" electrode and the other "receiving" electrodes, the amount of the field intercepted depending on the size and orientation of the sensed mass, whether or not the mass provides a grounding path, and the geometry of the distributed electrodes. Because the response of the field to an object is a complex nonlinear function, adding electrodes can always distinguish among more cases. In other words, each electrode represents an independent weighting of the mass within the field; adding an electrode provides information regarding that mass that is not redundant to the information provided by the other electrodes. A "forward model" that relates the behavior of the system to variations in the property to be measured is established, and "inversion" of this model facilitates recovery of the property based on system behavior. The invention is amenable to a wide variety of usages including the detection of user positions and gestures as a means of conveying two- and/or three-dimensional information to, for example, computers, appliances, televisions, furniture, etc.; provision of data input or instructional commands to a device; or sensing of proximity to a reference object for security purposes, to warn of danger, or to conserve energy by withholding power until a potential user approaches the object.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3843924 (1974-10-01), Wahlgren
patent: 4980519 (1990-12-01), Mathews
patent: 5214388 (1993-05-01), Vranish
patent: 5525843 (1996-06-01), Howing
patent: 5871232 (1999-02-01), White
Gershenfeld Neil
Smith Joshua R.
Ballato Josie
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Solis Jose M.
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