Chemistry: physical processes – Physical processes – Crystallization
Patent
1976-12-27
1978-03-07
Scovronek, Joseph
Chemistry: physical processes
Physical processes
Crystallization
23232C, 23232E, 23254R, 23254E, 250302, G01N 2762, G01N 3100, G01N 3106
Patent
active
040777731
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for detection of monoalkylhalides is disclosed. This apparatus contemplates detection of extremely small traces of monoalkylhalides through the nucleophilic substitution of a heavier halogen (preferably iodine) by introducing a sample gas having a monoalkylhalide therein in trace concentrations to be detected and passing it through a closed container providing a surplus of heavier halide ions. An exemplary source of a heavier halide is a container having an alkali iodide therein heated to a temperature sufficiently elevated to initiate iodine disassociation, such as 250.degree. C. An exchange of an iodine for a covalently bound fluorine or chlorine atom is achieved. The monoalkylhalide then has a larger molecular diameter and more complex electronic structure than that originally provided. It also has an enhanced affinity for slow or low energy electrons. This enhances the operation of detection equipment exemplified by an electron capture detector. The sample is passed through a column for separation of other gases and removal of any free iodide and is then passed to a detector. The invention is able to analyze alkenyl halides, however, some halides such as vicinal halides (particularly vinyl chloride) may require hydrogenation prior to transhalogenation.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3453081 (1969-07-01), Walker
patent: 3488155 (1970-01-01), Ayers
patent: 3589171 (1971-06-01), Haley
patent: 3711251 (1973-01-01), Goodson et al.
patent: 3725009 (1973-04-01), Lovelock
Gunn Donald
Scovronek Joseph
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