Method and apparatus for detecting high-impedance faults in elec

Details Method and apparatus for detecting high-impedance faults in elec Method and apparatus for detecting high-impedance faults in elec

1996-02-23

1998-03-31

Voeltz, Emanuel T.

Boots, shoes, and leggings

364481, 364483, 361 91, 361 92, 361 93, G06F 1522, G01R 3108

Patent

active

057345759

ABSTRACT:
The present invention features a method and apparatus for detecting and enabling the clearance of high impedance faults (HIFs) in an electrical transmission or distribution system. Current in at least one phase in a distribution system is monitored in real time by sensors. Analog current signature information is then digitized for processing by a digital computer. Zero crossings are identified and current maxima and minima located. The first derivatives of the maxima and minima are computed and a modified Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is then performed to convert time domain to frequency domain information. The transformed data is formatted and normalized and then applied to a trained neural network, which provides an output trigger signal when an HIF condition is probable. The trigger signal is made available to either a network administrator for manual intervention, or directly to switchgear to deactivate an affected portion of the network. The inventive method may be practiced using either conventional computer hardware and software or dedicated custom hardware such as a VLSI chip.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4694402 (1987-09-01), McEachern et al.
patent: 5452223 (1995-09-01), Zuercher et al.
Ebron et al., "A neural network approch to the detection of incipient faults on power distribution feeders", IEEE Transactions on Power Deliver, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 1990.
"A digital signal processing algorithm for detecting faults on power distrubtion feeders", Russell et al; IEEE Transctions on Power Delivery, vol. 4, No. 1, Jan. 1989.
"Neural network based techniques for distribution line condition monitoring"; Johns et al; IEEE Transctions on Power Delivery, Mar. 1995.

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