Plant husbandry – Mushroom culture
Patent
1989-08-15
1991-10-22
Feyrer, James R.
Plant husbandry
Mushroom culture
47DIG6, A01G 104
Patent
active
050583166
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation method and apparatus which can obtain mushrooms which are not almost different from natural mushrooms by an artificial cultivation.
2. Background Art
Heretofore, mushrooms have been cultivated in an artificial growing environment, for example a mushroom cultivation chamber, to produce cultivated mushrooms having a form quite different from that of wild mushrooms.
The reason thereof is because a chamber hermetically sealed in a heat insulated slate is used to control cultivation environment on the basis of temperature and humidity which are the most important conditions in the artificial cultivation to the optimum state. However, it is considered that the cultivation chamber is difficult to be adjusted to a natural cultivation environment by such a simple method.
More particularly, in the plant cultivation field, there is known a plant cultivation apparatus which can adjust temperature and humidity to obtain an optimum growing condition as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-16945. The plant cultivation apparatus is provided with a transparent window through which the sunlight is introduced directly in order to form an environment approximating the natural environment. However, heat of the sunlight is introduced concurrently with the introduction of the sunlight. Thus, it is very difficult to adjust the cultivation environment to approximate the natural growing environment. On the other hand, when the natural growing environment of mushrooms is observed, most mushrooms grow in a forest and do not require the sunlight as much as that required by other plants. Further, the time and interval of irradiation of the sunlight are random depending on the presence of the forest. Consequently, the conventional plant cultivation apparatus or chamber can not be quite applied to the cultivation of mushrooms.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mushroom cultivation method and apparatus by which one can harvest artificially cultivated mushrooms having a substantially identical form to natural mushrooms.
Further, it is another object of the present invention to provide a mushroom cultivation method and apparatus by which one can obtain mushrooms with small stalks in contact with a culture ground, easy harvest work, a good harvest, excellent freshness kept for a long time, characteristics of keeping from influence by the rain, mold, mud and insects, and excellent external appearance and quality.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention is characterized in that the sunlight of which the intensely of illumination, the wavelength and the irradiation time are adjusted is introduced into the cultivation chamber through light transmission means such as, for example, optical fibers in the cultivation term after completion of scrambling of spawn (operation of budding mushrooms) and mushrooms are irradiated with the introduced sunlight intermittently for a predetermined time.
Further, the mushroom cultivation apparatus implementing the cultivation method is characterized by the provision of a chamber sealed in a heat insulated state except for a sunlight introducing device for introducing the sunlight into the sealed chamber, and an intermittently irradiating device for irradiating the introduced sunlight at least intermittently.
Such a cultivation method and apparatus can easily form the environment near the natural growing environment for mushrooms and can obtain mushrooms similar to natural mushrooms with respect to the form and the quality thereof.
The sunlight described in the present invention includes light from an artificial sun as well as natural light and more particularly includes light having part or all of the wavelength range contained in natural light.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a mushroom cultivation apparatus showing an example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagra
REFERENCES:
patent: 4626065 (1986-12-01), Mori
patent: 4653472 (1987-03-01), Mori
patent: 4969288 (1990-11-01), Mori
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