Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1997-06-12
1999-09-28
Elmore, Reba I.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
36447402, 36447406, 36447428, G06F 1900, G06G 764, G06G 766
Patent
active
059598654
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for controlling electroerosion (EDM) machines or EDM devices, respectively.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Machines of this type are used, among others, for fabricating stamps and/or molds made of conducting materials. The machines are generally operated with electronic control devices which convert control input into control signals for operating the machine. Advantageous here is the extremely high precision: the resulting forms correspond to the desired dimensions with an accuracy in the order of micrometers. Disadvantageous, however, is the enormous manufacturing complexity. An economical application of such machines is therefore frequently for fabricating, for example, mold forms, but only rarely for the series fabrication of end forms. It is therefore necessary, during normal operation of an EDM machine, before each individual workpiece is machined, to enter the control data applicable only for that respective workpiece. Aside from position and/or path coordinates of the desired cuts, the following factors have to be considered also: material, desired machining quality, for example smoothness, accuracy, required electrode(s), sequence of the process steps to be performed and so on.
Especially for EDM machines which cut stamps or molds with the help of a wire electrode, setting the order of the process steps to be performed can pose a problem. For example, a difference is made between full cuts, separation cuts and fine cuts. The term "full cut" is generally used for the cut along the largest part of the desired cutting path. Only a relatively small portion of the path is initially not machined and is only afterwards machined in a separation cut. The purpose for that is to prevent that the stamp drops uncontrolled from the workpiece which would result in damage to the workpiece and/or the machine. It is therefore customary in the automatic operation of the EDM machine to first perform all full cuts. In general, it is not necessary for an operator to be present. For the separation cuts, however, a time is preferably selected where an operator can be present and can assure a controlled withdrawal of the falling stamp.
The name "trim cut" or "fine cut" is used for an additional or repeated erosive passage along the cutting path - after full cut or separation cut - in order to achieve the desired machining quality. Since an extreme high position is always desired, various factors, especially factors leading to malfunctions, have to be considered. Among these factors may be counted, for instance, environmental factors, operating times of adjacent machines generating vibrations, flight operations at neighboring airports, rail traffic, railroad stations, highways and roads, etc., but also the operating know-how within the company, etc. Consequently, various other factors have to be considered for controlling EDM machines, aside from the desired cutting pattern.
Conventional methods for controlling EDM machines require control input in the form of closed "programs", so-called control programs. Such program includes all control inputs and determines, for example, which cut is to be performed in the workpiece to be machined, with which quality, i.e., with how many trim cuts, at which location and in which order, etc. It is here customary to provide for special process steps in the event of malfunctions, etc. The machining of the workpiece takes place after all control data required for the complete machining of the workpiece have been entered. The machining procedure is definitely set by the closed program and cannot be changed during the machining of the workpiece. Variations are only possible within the framework of special process steps which were prescribed before the machining operation was started. Corrections at a later time require that the machining process is stopped, a changed control program is set up, and a new machining procedure is started. The requirement to enter control data for the spark erosive mach
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De Maria Renzo
Milan Massimo
AGIE SA
Elmore Reba I.
Patel Ramesh
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