Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Miscellaneous
Patent
1981-02-10
1984-03-13
Yuen, Henry C.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Miscellaneous
110215, 110245, 110346, F23G 502, F22B 102
Patent
active
044360576
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention concerns methods of operating combustors and combustor apparatus; the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with recovering at least part of the thermal energy normally lost when operating a fluidised bed combustor.
BACKGROUND ART
Fossile fuel combustors discharge flue-gases at elevated temperatures (the flue-gases from steam raising boiler plant for example, are normally discharged at a temperature somewhat above the temperature of the steam produced in the boiler) usually via a tall chimney to the atmosphere.
This method of operating produces an air draft which disperses noxious gases and alleviates acid condensate and its corrosive effects. The method does not however prevent atmospheric pollution; and the discharge of hot gases to the atmosphere means that there is a considerable thermal loss from the combustor with the result that the overall operating efficiency of the combustor is lower than would otherwise be the case.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
One aspect of the present invention provides a method of operating a fluidised bed combustor including a bed of inert particulate material to which gas is fed to fluidise the bed and support combustion of fuels fed thereto, the method comprising scrubbing with water flue-gas passing from the combustor and subsequently transferring heat from the scrubbing water to the fluidising gas fed to the combustor.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of operating a boiler comprising the steps of scrubbing the flue-gas issuing from the boiler with water and using that water to pre-heat the working fluid fed to the boiler.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a fluidised bed combustor including means for passing fluidising gas to a bed of inert particulate material in the combustor, the combustor comprising scrubber means for scrubbing with water flue-gas passing from the combustor and heat transfer means for transferring heat from the water used to scrub the flue-gas to the fluidising gas fed to the bed in the combustor.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a boiler including scrubber means for scrubbing with water flue-gas passing from the boiler and thermal transfer means for transferring heat from the water used to scrub the flue-gas to the working fluid fed to the boiler.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which show at:
FIG. 1 a schematic outline of a fluidised bed boiler arrangement embodying the present invention, and at
FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 illustrate various modifications which may be made to the arrangement of FIG. 1
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
With reference to FIG. 1 which shows a fluidised bed shell type boiler 10 to an inlet 11 of which a working fluid, water, is fed from a source 12. Heater water, or steam, is taken from the boiler via an outlet 13. The boiler 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a shell boiler but it will be appreciated that any other kind of boiler may be used.
The gaseous products of combustion of the boiler pass therefrom via a flue 14. Gas to fluidise the bed in the boiler is fed to the boiler via an inlet 15. The fluidising gas comprising a mixture of ambient air sucked in by a fan 16 and recycled flue-gas taken from the end of a stack 17 connected to the outlet flue 14 of the boiler as shown. Flue-gas is extracted from the stack 17 by a recycle gas fan 18 as shown.
Mixture of recycled flue-gas and of fresh air fed to the boiler is effected in a plenum chamber 20; the ratio of air and/or flue-gas passed to plenum chamber 20 is controlled by operation of respective valves 21 and 22 as shown. The fluidising gas from the chamber 20 is fed to the material of the bed 23, in the boiler 10, via an array of sparge pipes 24 located within the bed material as shown.
Air from fan 16 is fed to plenum chamber 20 via an enclosed annular volume 25 surrounding a scrubber 26 in the base part of stack 17. Flue-gas from the ou
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Cross Henry F.
Harman Maurice
Energy Equipment Co. Ltd.
Schaffer Murray
Yuen Henry C.
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