Animal husbandry – Entomological culture device – Egg treatment – production – or storage
Patent
1990-05-29
1992-04-14
Pellegrino, Stephen C.
Animal husbandry
Entomological culture device
Egg treatment, production, or storage
A01K 6100
Patent
active
051037670
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and a machine for the vaccination of fishes, especially trout and salmon fry.
Today, vaccination of fishes takes place either by hand or by placing the fishes in a bath containing a vaccine.
Manual vaccination of fishes is very time-consuming and consequently very expensive. At the same time, a vaccination capacity is too low in relation to a need therefor. By means of manual vaccination only a small part of the fish fry can thus be vaccinated each year, considering the extent to which breeding takes place today.
"Bathing" the fishes in vaccine-containing water represents a rapid and expensive method. In practice it has been found that it is not particularly efficient in that only about 60% of fishes become thereby vaccinated.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,229,326 relates to an arrangement for feeding fishes from a vessel containing water to a machine for non-specified fish treatment. The method and machine taught by this prior patent specification exhibit features which advantageously may be utilized in the vaccination of fishes. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,229,326 a method for treatment of fishes is disclosed wherein fishes, which are in a vessel containing water, are conveyed upwardly by a conveyor and carried onto a unidirectional device which ensures that the fishes are fed head first in a feeding direction by means of an edgewise-turner which turns the fishes edgewise to a fish treatment machine. The machine disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,229,326 comprises a vessel containing water, a conveyor extending downwardly into the vessel for conveying fish upwardly from the vessel. The conveyor delivers fishes to an unidirectional device having self-feeding motion (reciprocal motion, vibratory motion) in a feeding direction of the fishes. The unidirectional device ensures that the fishes are fed head first in the feeding direction to the edgewise-turner coupled after the unidirectional device wherein the unidirectional device, having self-feeding motion (reciprocal motion, vibration), comprises longitudinal chutes which, in combination with its self-feeding motion, turn the fishes, so that the fishes, lying edgewise, arrive at the fish treatment machine.
It is a purpose of the present invention to eliminate disadvantages of previous vaccination methods and to provide an efficient method which allows for rapid and lenient (non-injurious) vaccination of each individual fish. It is a further purpose of this invention to provide a machine for carrying out this method which is reliable, of high capacity and capable of ensuring precision vaccinations of the fishes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention, this can be achieved by features appearing in the following claims in which features known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,229,326 appear in the preambles of claims 1 and 2, respectively.
A method for the vaccination of fish according to this invention thus comprises in its broad features the step of anaesthetizing fishes by placing them briefly in an appropriate bath, from where they are transported upwards by means of a suitable conveyor for thereafter being subjected to unidirectional positioning, preferably followed by edgewise turning, for mechanical vaccination. The invention is based on the knowledge that fishes being anaesthetized, sink to a bottom. Thus, a portion of the conveyor extending substantially parallel to the bottom of an anaesthetic-containing vessel, and adjacent thereto, will only pick up anaesthetized fishes from the vessel, in that fishes not yet anaesthetized will continue to swim closer to the surface of the bath. The anaesthesia has primarily the purpose of eliminating movements of the fishes during subsequent treatment thereof. Each single fish is fed, head first, towards a vaccination device--in order to secure vaccination at a correct spot--lying either on its back or on its belly. There are two groups of opposing, individually activated, vaccination means, with a means in the one group providing for the vaccination of a fish ly
REFERENCES:
patent: 3229326 (1966-01-01), Eriksen
Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, vol. 1, 1984, Roger Engeset og Knut Engjom, "Noen erfaringer med stikkvaksinering av laksesmolt", p. 20.
Derwent's Abstract No. H1402c/33, SU 706036.
Vakzinationsverfahren und vakzinearten bei Fischen, eine Literaturubersicht. Diss. Tierarztliche Hochschule, Hannover (FRG), Inst. Mikrobiol. Tierseuchen 1985, K. Mielke, p. 22.
Haugland Ommund O.
Helgesen Willy
Pellegrino Stephen C.
Rafa Michael
Trio Industrier A/S
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