Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems – Combined load device or load device temperature modifying... – Multiple filament load devices
Patent
1989-06-28
1991-03-26
LaRoche, Eugene R.
Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
Combined load device or load device temperature modifying...
Multiple filament load devices
315 68, 315 88, H01J 744
Patent
active
050032240
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a method for supervising the function of the incandescent filament in connection with one or several incandescent lamps, which method comprises electronic controlled automatic replacing of a burnt-out filament for a new one. The invention also relates to a circuit for the automatic replacement of filaments, and an incandescent lamp with several filaments.
In connection with incandescent filaments or the like there is the problem, that the service life of the individual incandescent filament is relatively limited. When a filament, due to the transfer of metal, has burned out the whole lamp must be replaced. This causes economical loss, because, in theory, only a substitution of the filament would be necessary, while other parts of the lamp, like the glass bulb and the gas filling could be utilized during a longer time. Provided with a new incandescent filament, the same lamp could serve until the transfer of metal from the incandescent filaments to the glass bulb gradually would cause a considerable loss of luminance. With the use of halogen gas, this transfer of metal to the glass can also be effectively prevented, but the transfer of metal from the filament irretrievable, results in some filament spots being thinner than the rest of the filament, at which spots the filament will burn through.
The replacement itself of a burnt-out lamp is no problem when the lamp is in an easily accessible place. A lamp is, however, often situated in a rather difficult place, and then the cost of the labour needed for the replacement is greater than the value of the lamp itself. Further, a lamp often may be in such a use, that its light going out may cause inconvenience or even danger.
In order to avoid these inconveniencies a method according to the invention is developed for replacing an incandescent filament. In addition, an automatic replacement circuit and a lamp with several incandescent filaments are provided for utilizing this method.
Thus in accordance with the method, a pulse generating means independent of the function of the incandescent filament are made, for each case respectively, to continually feed pulses to reference means having a certain storage capacity, which pulse storage is continually emptied by signals from detecting means dependent upon the function of the incandescent filament. Any lack of such signals, e.g. due to a burn-out of the incandescent filament, will make the reference means full, which in turn will cause the reference means to give a control signal to means arranged for replacing the incandescent filament.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention a 0-voltage circuit is used as a pulse generating means, which at each 0-point of an alternating current gives a pulse to counting means working as a reference means, and which continuously is emptied by a resetting pulse circuit detecting the current passing through the incandescent filament, the counting means will fill up, and will give a signal to a trigger/selector circuit working as the means for changing said filament, and which in turns switches on connecting means arranged for each of the several filaments. According to one embodiment of the invention, triac-semiconductor means are preferably used as the connecting means for each filament.
For the automatic replacement circuit according to the invention it is characteristic, that the circuit comprises a continuously working pulse generator, which is independent of the function of the incandescent filaments, and a continuously working resetting pulse circuit, which is dependent on the function of the filaments, and further means for comparing the pulses from the pulse generators, having means for replacing filaments connected thereto.
The lamp according to the invention comprises a common socket and at least one transparent closed shell connected thereto, having within the shell a gas for the protection of each respective incandescent means ignited on any occasion. According to the invention, the incandescent means of the lamp comprise several inca
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LaRoche Eugene R.
Zarabian Amir
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