Internal-combustion engines – Miscellaneous – Fuels – lubricants and additives
Patent
1995-11-22
1997-07-15
Solis, Erick R.
Internal-combustion engines
Miscellaneous
Fuels, lubricants and additives
123585, 431 10, F02B 7512
Patent
active
056473044
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of creating an active catalytic and cracking layer, through the introduction of an oxidizer in gaseous form to metal containing surfaces or surfaces onto which oxidizers can deposit in the combustion zone and/or in its vicinity, as well in the combustion zone as along the pathway of the gaseous emissions from the combustion zone and beyond to and through the gaseous emissions outflow. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the invention.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The carburetion of a fuel is a very important process within the field of energy technology since no fuel can burn without first being vaporized. Ordinarily the carburetion takes place conjointly with the combustion itself. If the fuel is already in gaseous form the combustion apparatus can be made simpler and thereby cheaper.
From U.S. Pat. No. 4,182,278, it is previously known to, in high compression combustion engines with multiple cylinders, regulate the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber of each cylinder to cope with ignition problems at high load, and to introduce to each cylinder a solution of hydrogen peroxide that is admixed to the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Through introducing an oxidizer in gaseous form in accordance with the present invention one obtains not only an improvement of the combustion in combustion processes with increased engine efficiency as a consequence, but also cleaner emissions. The latter is especially important in the use of engine powered vehicles in for instance mines.
The catalyzer technique is a previous known technology for the cleaning of emissions from various combustion processes. In order to elucidate the problems that the invention proposes to solve entirely or in part, is given in the following a few examples of areas of application of the invention for instance combustion engines for automobiles, snowmobiles, outboard engines etc. The method is however applicable to all types of combustion.
For a catalyzer to function satisfactorily an emission temperature of between 600.degree. C.-800.degree. C. degrees is required. At temperatures below 600.degree. C. and at temperatures exceeding 800.degree. C. degrees it functions only partially which is unsatisfactory since the emissions then pass more or less straight out. At a temperature exceeding about 1060.degree. C. degrees the catalyzer auto incinerates. In its exposed position for example underneath the vehicle the catalyzer is cooled down especially during winter time with reduced efficiency as a consequence. The cooling effects at highway speed are substantial.
City traffic, cold ignitions, winter climate and heavy engine load are disparate factors that totally or partially cause the catalyzer to stop functioning. Misfiring sends uncombusted fuel out to the hot catalyzer which then easily auto incinerates. Faults in the fuel system easily create problems, and so does bad fuel quality ignition misfiring, (worsened ignition properties) due to for example sooty ignition plugs are also a source of malfunctioning. Lead, soot and sticky hydrocarbons easily clog up a catalyzer.
It is difficult to keep a constant speed of 70 km/h maintaining the even load which is required for the catalyzer to reach its optimal efficiency of about 95%. It consequently does not function very well in city traffic where high cleansing rates really are needed. When accelerating quickly (when giving full throttle quickly) the lambda probe is put out of function for a few seconds and as a consequence uncombusted fuel is sent out to a practically sizzling hot catalyzer. This is one of the reasons for the manifold increase of platinum content in road dirt during the last five years according to conducted studies.
To move the catalyzer device closer to the engine in order to achieve quicker ignition is standard. However doing that one at the same time increases the back pressure which deteriorates the engine performance, efficiency and life span. Moreover, the
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Nyberg Leif
Nyberg Peter
Robertsson Bengt-Olov
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