Internal-combustion engines – Four-cycle – Variable clearance
Patent
1995-02-09
1997-02-25
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Four-cycle
Variable clearance
123 48C, F02B 7504, F02B 7536
Patent
active
056051204
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for setting the compression ratio in an internal combustion engine by changing the relative distance between the axis of rotation of the engine crankshaft and the engine cylinder head surface delimiting the end of each cylinder in the engine, and a device for carrying out said process.
Conventional internal combustion engines work with a fixed compression ratio which is determined by the dimensions of the engine components. In order to change the compression ratio, the engine must be disassembled and components with other dimensions must be built into the engine, for example pistons of another height or a cylinder head with another design of the combustion chamber. This means that the compression ratio cannot be changed simply.
In certain cases, there is a need to change the engine compression ratio to adapt it to fuels of varying qualities, and different proposals have been made to achieve this. All of these, however, only provide the possibility of a relatively small change in the compression ratio.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device which makes possible a great change in the compression ratio in an internal combustion engine, so that the compression ratio can, for example, be changed within the range 4-40, during operation. This means that the compression ratio can be changed depending on the current engine operating conditions, so that the engine efficiency can be improved, especially under partial load, so that the engine power range can be increased. In order to fully exploit these possibilities, the supply of air and fuel to the engine should also be controlled in relation to the set compression ratio. For this, suitable valve systems are required and systems for supplying air and fuel, but these systems do not constitute any part of the present invention and therefore will not be described in more detail here.
According to the invention, rotation of the adjustment discs displaces the rotational axis of the crankshaft in two dimensions, namely, on one hand, parallel to the longitudinal axis of each engine cylinder, and, on the other hand, perpendicular thereto. In this manner, there is provided, in addition to a change in the compression ratio, also a lateral displacement of the crankshaft, which means that the angular relationship for the crankshaft in each cylinder is changed.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic end view of an internal combustion engine with a device according to one embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 1a is a schematic end view of a somewhat modified internal combustion engine according to FIG. 1 and shows the suspension of the engine,
FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through the engine according to FIG. 1 perpendicular to the rotational axis of the crankshaft in its position for the smallest compression ratio,
FIG. 3 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 2 but in its position for the highest compression ratio,
FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the engine according to FIG. 1, essentially through the longitudinal axis of the cylinders, in the position for the smallest compression ratio,
FIG. 5 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 4, but in its position for the highest compression ratio,
FIG. 6 is a schematic, partially cut-away end view of an engine according to another embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 7 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a portion of the engine according to FIG. 6, essentially through the longitudinal axis of the cylinders, in the position for the smallest compression ratio,
FIG. 8 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 7, but in the position for the highest compression ratio,
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a drive device for a cam-shaft in an engine according to the invention.
The drawings show an internal combustion engine which is equipped with a device according to the invention. The internal combustion engine comprises in a known manner an engine block 1 and a cylinder head 2.
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Fanja Ltd.
Okonsky David A.
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