Metallurgical melting and refining unit

Details Metallurgical melting and refining unit Metallurgical melting and refining unit

1981-06-16

1983-06-21

Rosenberg, P. D.

Metallurgical apparatus

Means for melting or vaporizing metal or treating liquefied...

By means introducing treating material

75 60, C21B 300

Patent

active

043890431

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a metallurgical melting unit in accordance with the generic part of claim 1.
Steel is produced in the Siemens-Martin furnace, in the converter or in the arc furnace, depending on the starting material available and, to some extent, on historical factors.
In the European region, the Siemens-Martin furnace has largely been replaced by the converter, which operates considerably more economically. One disadvantage of the converter is its high investment cost. When a Siemens-Martin furnace is to be replaced by a converter, the sheds must also be rebuilt, since they do not have the head room required for converters. Furthermore, the melting of any relatively large amount of scrap in the converter has presented difficulties. This problem is addressed, for example, in DE-OS No. 2,729,982.
The arc furnace is not well suited for the use of molten pig iron. Also, the energy costs are high, the electrical energy is not always available in the desired amount.
It is the object of this invention to make available a melting unit which will be universal in regard to charging material and energy sources, and which will be characterized by low investment costs. This melting unit is to be able to replace Siemens-Martin furnaces in existing steelworks, and is to be suitable for the processing of any desired mixtures of scrap, sponge iron, and solid and molten pig iron. Furthermore, when a preheater is used for preheating the material used for charging such a universal melting unit, the assurance is to be provided that, when the input material is charged into the furnace vessel, the primary and secondary tuyeres opening into the vessel are protected against mechanical damage so that these tuyeres can remain operative.
Setting out from a melting unit of the kind disclosed, for example, by U.S. Pat. No. 3,859,078, this object is accomplished by the features of claim 1.
Advantageous further developments of the invention are to be found in the subordinate claims.
In comparison to the Siemens-Martin furnace, the operating costs of the melting unit of the invention are lower, a more rapid charging of scrap is possible, the production per unit of time is increased, and the energy costs are reduced. It is possible at modest investment cost to replace the Siemens-Martin furnace of existing steelworks with the melting unit of the invention.
In comparison to arc furnaces, a greater charge of molten pig iron is possible, being able to amount to as much as 90% of the charge, the energy costs and investment costs are lower, and the carbon content can be lowered in a simple manner in the production of a low-carbon steel. In combination with arc electrodes, the melting unit is even more flexible in application. The power supply does not need to be designed for the peak level, but can be limited to a medium level, because other power sources can be used along with them.
In comparison to the converter, a higher scrap content can be used, the investment costs are substantially reduced, and a better utilization of power is possible. Furthermore, a continuous process is possible, analyses can be taken during the process, and, by varying the process conditions and adding finely granular solids through the tuyeres, the desired end product can be obtained. Alloy steels of the desired composition are easier to make than in the converter or in the arc furnace.
In the melting and refining unit of the invention, suitable charge materials are solid pig iron, molten pig iron, scrap and sponge iron in any desired admixture. Oil or coal or gas or electrical power can be used as energy sources. If the melting unit is constructed without electrodes, the required shed height is low. The unit is easy to replace, repair and charge. On account of the low investment costs, existing steelworks can easily be re-equipped with other melting units, and can be adapted to changing conditions in the charge material or in the energy supply. The melting and refining unit also is easy to equip with a preheater for the charge material. The danger of dam

REFERENCES:
patent: 3902889 (1975-09-01), Malin
patent: 3999977 (1976-12-01), Kolb

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