Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Nuclear magnetic resonance – electron spin resonance or other...
Reexamination Certificate
2006-08-08
2006-08-08
Soderquist, Arlen (Department: 1743)
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance or other...
C073S019050, C250S281000, C250S288000, C436S052000, C436S068000, C436S133000, C436S136000, C436S138000, C436S139000, C436S174000, C436S178000, C436S181000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07087436
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for the analysis of blood or other liquids by mass spectrometry to determine the partial pressures of gases and other volatile substances dissolved in the blood or other liquid in a manner independent of the solubility of the gases in the blood or other liquid. A countercurrent membrane exchanger (CCME) is provided for equilibrating a carrier fluid with the sample of blood or other liquid, the output of which is coupled to a tubular direct insertion membrane probe (t-DIMP) type of membrane inlet mass spectrometer. The CCME preferably has complementary spiral grooves on opposing metal plates for the water carrier and sample liquids so as to induce secondary flows which greatly reduce the resistance to equilibration between the liquid sample and water carrier phases. The t-DIMP is characterized by the use of Teflon™ sleeves specifically to reduce noise introduced at the connection between the silicone membrane in the t-DIMP and the steel tubing for the water carrier, by the use of radiation shields to prevent heating of the silicone membrane and water carrier to allow lower carrier flow rates, and by the heating of the section between the ion source and the vacuum pumps specifically to improve linearity of the t-DIMP.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3352422 (1967-11-01), Heden
patent: 3649199 (1972-03-01), Littlejohn
patent: 3712111 (1973-01-01), Llewellyn
patent: 3929003 (1975-12-01), Llewellyn
patent: 4005700 (1977-02-01), Parker
patent: 4016864 (1977-04-01), Sielaff et al.
patent: 4110220 (1978-08-01), Lavender
patent: 4209299 (1980-06-01), Carlson
patent: 4268279 (1981-05-01), Shindo et al.
patent: 4388531 (1983-06-01), Stafford et al.
patent: 4516580 (1985-05-01), Polanyi
patent: 4791292 (1988-12-01), Cooks et al.
patent: 4901727 (1990-02-01), Goodwin
patent: 5078755 (1992-01-01), Tozawa et al.
patent: 5317932 (1994-06-01), Westlake et al.
patent: 5448062 (1995-09-01), Cooks et al.
patent: 5492838 (1996-02-01), Pawliszyn
patent: 5543625 (1996-08-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 2026358 (1992-04-01), None
patent: 64-37405 (1989-02-01), None
patent: 5-325881 (1993-12-01), None
Tsao, M. U. et al, J. Clin. Lab Med. 1964, 63, 1041-1053.
Agren, A. et al, Acta Pharmaceutica Suecica 1967, 4, 1-12.
Herman, J. J. Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 1979, 98, 133-136.
Eustache, H, et al, Journal of Membrane Science 1981, 8, 105-114.
Sturaro, A. et al, Analytica Chimica Acta 1989, 224, 119-122.
LaPack, M. A. et al, Analytical Chemistry 1991, 63, 1631-1637.
Shelekhin, A. B. et al, Journal of Membrane Science 1992, 73, 73-85.
Kana, T. M. et al, Analytical Chemistry 1994, 66, 4165-4170.
Bessarabov, D. G. et al, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 1769-1778.
LaPack, M. A. et al, Analytical Chemistry 1996, 68, 3072-3075.
Hartland, S., Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers 1967, 45, T82-T89.
Pan, C. Y. et al, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals 1974, 13, 323-331.
Kotiaho et al., “Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry,”Analytical Chemistry, vol. 63, No. 18, Sep. 15, 1991, pp. 875A-883A.
Mastenbrook, Jr. et al., “Ventilation-perfusion ratio distributions by mass spectrometry with membrane catheters,”American Physiological Society, vol. 53, pp. 770-778, 1982.
Baumgardner et al., “Countercurrent Extraction of Sparingly Soluble Gases for Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry,”Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 25, pp. 858-869, 1997.
Bier et al, “Membrane Interface for Selective Introduction of Volatile Compounds Directly into the Ionization Chamber of a Mass Spectrometer,”Anal. Chem., vol. 59, No. 4, Feb. 1987, pp. 597-601.
Boerner eet al., “Direct Mass Spectrometer Analysis of Body Fluids from Acutely Poisoned Patients,”Clinic Chimica Acta.vol. 49, pp. 445-454, 1973.
I. Jelinek, “Matrix Effects in Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry. I. Effect of Poly Ethylene Glycol on Permeation Rate of 1-Octanol Through Silicon Rubber Membrane,”Chemical Papers, vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 131-137, 1996.
Lewis et al., “Membrane Mass Spectrometer Inlet for Quantitation of Nitric Oxide,”Biological Mass Spectrometry, vol. 22, pp. 45-52, 1993.
Meyer et al., “Separator Membranes for Mass Spectrometry of Blood Gases: Gas Permeability With Regard to the Measurement of Inert Gases in the Determination of Organ Blood Flows,”Biomedi/inische Technik, 1988, vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 66-72.
Sahlestrom et al., “Flow-Injection Extraction With A Microvolume Module Based on Integrated Conduits,”Analytica Chimica Acta, 1986, vol. 185, pp. 259-269.
W. Schaffartzik, “Methods for Determination of Pulmonary Gas Exchange,”Anaesthesist, 1993, vol. 42, pp. 3-10.
Virkki et al., “On-Site Environmental Analysis by Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry,”Anal. Chem., Apr. 1995. vol. 67, No. 8, pp. 1421-1425.
Zeineh et al., “Thin-Layer Microtubular Continuous-Flow Countercurrent Dialysis,”Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Apr. 1972, vol. 79, No. 1, pp. 648-656.
S. D. Kolev et al.,Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993, vol. 268, pp. 7-27.
D. Y. Takigawa,Sep. Sci. Technol., 1992, vol. 27, pp. 325-339.
R. H. Atallah et al.,Anal. Chem., 1987, vol. 59, pp. 2909-2914.
D. J. Wilson,Separation Science and Technology, 1988, vol. 23, pp. 133-151.
Baumgardner James
Neufeld Gordon
Soderquist Arlen
Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
Womble Carlyle
LandOfFree
Membrane countercurrent exchanger and membrane inlet mass... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Membrane countercurrent exchanger and membrane inlet mass..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Membrane countercurrent exchanger and membrane inlet mass... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3646041