Membrane cell brine feed

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products

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204128, 210661, C25B 134

Patent

active

044179618

ABSTRACT:
Method for reducing electrical energy consumption increase of ion-exchange membranes over long term use which comprises electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride solution which contains no more than about 75 ppm "carbonate" whether such low "carbonate" solution is achieved by removing excess carbonate previously added to the solution to reduce the hardness or not.

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Seko, Maomi; "The Asahi Chemical Membrane Chlor-Alkali Process"; 2-9-77.
Molnar, Charles J. & Dorio, Martin M.; "Effects of Brine Purity on Chlor-Alkali Membrane Cell Performance"; Oct. 1977.
Pulver, Dale R.; "The Commercial use of Membrane Cells in Chlorine/Caustic Plants"; Feb. 15, 1978.
"Nafion.RTM. Membranes Structured for High Efficiency Chlor-Alkali Cells"; Hora, Charles J.; Oct. 1977.
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica; (in 30 vol.), 15th Edition, Macropaedia vol. 16, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago, copyright 1983.
Lefond, S. J., Handbook of World Salt Resources, Plenum Press, New York, 1969.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1977 (last copyright date), vol. 9, p. 347, New York.
Chapter 10 of Sodium Chloride The Production and Properties of Salt and Brine, edited by Dale W. Kaufmann, Copyright 1960 by Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York.

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