Electric lamp and discharge devices – With optical device or special ray transmissive envelope – Reflector
Patent
1996-10-17
1998-05-26
Biegel, Ronald L.
Electric lamp and discharge devices
With optical device or special ray transmissive envelope
Reflector
313115, 313113, F21V 700
Patent
active
057571139
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a reflector incandescent lamp combination having an at least substantially axially arranged radiant body.
BACKGROUND
A reflector lamp is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,659, Wiley. The lamp described there has an axial coil and facets which are either flat or curved in convex fashion. The homogeneity of the light distribution in such lamps is not satisfactory for all applications, however. Above all, such a design is only conditionally suitable for medium- and high-voltage lamps (typically, the practical lower limit is 80 V), since then, compared to the low-voltage range, the radiant bodies must be chosen to be very long, and often they are divided into a plurality of sections.
THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to improve the homogeneity of the light projected by reflector incandescent lamps which, in particular, are operated at medium or high voltage, that is, above 80 V.
Briefly, the lamp of the lamp-reflector combination has a radiant body which is oriented substantially axially or axially-parallel with respect to the reflector, in which the lamp is also, preferably securely, mounted. The reflector has a reflective surface which is formed substantially of trapezoid-like facets. The majority of the facets are formed as concavely curved cylindrical surfaces with an associated axis of symmetry, each axis of symmetry being located in a plane which includes the reflector axis. The radiant body of the lamp has at least two luminous sections, and the luminous sections are so located in the lamp that, with respect to the reflector, they are approximately axially parallel to the reflector axis, but do not coincide with the reflector axis.
It has been found that the homogeneity of the illumination, especially in lamps with multiple radiant body sections, can be improved considerably if the facets of the reflector comprise concex cylindrical segments. It is essential, however, for the axes of the cylindrical segments to be oriented such that they are located in planes that include the reflector axis. In particular, these axes should be oriented approximately parallel to the reflector axis. "Convex" is to be understood with reference to the optically active side of the reflector.
Conversely, it has been found that cylindrical segments whose axes are transverse to the reflector axis exhibit major nonhomogeneities of illumination.
The particular advantage of the cylindrical segments of the invention is that as a result, not only lamps with an axial radiant body (especially low-voltage lamps) but also lamps whose radiant bodies are composed of a plurality of approximately axially parallel sections, especially high- and medium-voltage lamps (generally understood to mean voltages above 80 V), that provide homogeneous illumination can be furnished. To achieve an homogeneous illumination, the individual sections of the radiant body are inclined by no more than 15.degree. and preferably at most 10.degree. from the reflector axis. Examples are V shapes W shapes or the like, and especially shapes that are varied in mirror symmetry to them, such as U and M shapes.
In particular, through the characteristics of the invention, even very compact reflector lamps can be made. A halogen incandescent lamp is advantageously used for the purpose. In particular, its structural length can be decreased further by dispensing with a quartz beam for the mount that holds the radiant body. The mount parts are retained directly in a pinch seal. Instead of being held by a mount (or in addition to it), the radiant body can also be retained by deformations of the bulb see U.S. Pat. No. 5,146,134, Stadler et al..
DRAWINGS
An exemplary embodiment will be described in further detail below. Shown are
FIG. 1, a reflector incandescent lamp combination with axially parallel cylindrical facets;
FIG. 2, a cross section through the reflector;
FIG. 3, the light distribution of the lamp of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4, the light distribution of a lamp with cylindrical facets lying transversely;
F
REFERENCES:
patent: 4021659 (1977-05-01), Wiley
patent: 4833576 (1989-05-01), Mers et al.
patent: 4870318 (1989-09-01), Csanyi et al.
patent: 5146134 (1992-09-01), Stadler et al.
patent: 5160199 (1992-11-01), Berti
patent: 5272408 (1993-12-01), Levin et al.
patent: 5367219 (1994-11-01), Friederichs
Binder Ulrich
Kiesel Rolf
Biegel Ronald L.
Noori Max H.
Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft fur Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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