Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Current producing cell – elements – subcombinations and... – Electrode
Reexamination Certificate
1999-02-05
2001-05-01
Griffin, Steven P. (Department: 1754)
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...
Electrode
C429S219000, C252S518100, C428S402000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06225007
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to particles of metal vanadium oxide compositions. In particular, the invention relates to nanoscale metal vanadium oxide particles, such as silver vanadium oxide particles, and corresponding methods for producing nanoscale metal vanadium oxide particles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lithium based batteries have become commercially successful due to their relatively high energy density. Suitable positive electrode materials for lithium based batteries include materials that can intercalate lithium atoms into their lattice. The negative electrode can be lithium metal, lithium alloys or compounds that can reversibly intercalate lithium atoms into their lattice. Batteries formed from lithium metal or lithium alloy negative electrodes are referred to as lithium batteries while batteries formed with an anode (negative electrode) active material that can intercalate lithium ions are referred to as lithium ion batteries.
In order to produce improved batteries, various materials have been examined for use as cathode (positive electrode) active materials for lithium based batteries. A variety of materials, generally chalgogenides, are useful in lithium based batteries. For example, vanadium oxides in certain oxidation states are effective materials for the production of positive electrodes for lithium based batteries. Also, metal vanadium oxide compositions have been identified as having high energy densities and high power densities, when used in positive electrodes for lithium based batteries. Silver vanadium oxide has a particularly high energy density and high power densities, when used in lithium based batteries. Silver vanadium oxide batteries have found particular use in the production of implantable cardiac defribulators where the battery must be able to recharge a capacitor to deliver large pulses of energy in rapid succession, within ten seconds or less.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In a first aspect, the invention pertains to a collection of particles comprising metal vanadium oxide, the particles having an average diameter less than about 500 nm.
In another aspect, the invention pertains to a method of producing particles of metal vanadium oxide comprising heating a mixture of vanadium oxide particles with a non-vanadium metal compound, the vanadium oxide particles having an average diameter less than about 500 nm.
In a further aspect, the invention pertains to a battery comprising a positive electrode having active particles comprising metal vanadium oxide within a binder, the active particles having an average diameter less than about 500 nm.
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Bi Xiangxin
Buckley James P.
Horne Craig R.
Kumar Sujeet
Dardi Peter S.
Griffin Steven P.
NanoGram Corporation
Strickland Jonas N.
Westman Champlin & Kelly
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