Mechanical process, wet or dry, to obtain continuous changes in

Details Mechanical process, wet or dry, to obtain continuous changes in Mechanical process, wet or dry, to obtain continuous changes in

1998-02-09

2000-09-26

Vanatta, Amy B.

Textiles: cloth finishing

Rubbing

Abrasive

D06C 1100

Patent

active

061228079

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns the processes, machines and equipment for changing the appearance and colour of textile fabrics to secure effects some of which may be special.
Machines and processes for altering the appearance and colour of fabrics generally are well known in the trade.
These changes may be brought about by chemical or mechanical methods.
If the process is mechanical the machines used are those for lapping or finishing; they comprise lapping rollers, generally working dry, around which a fabric, stretched under tension, is passed by unwinding it from one roller and winding it, after lapping, onto another.
The lapping rollers have an abrasive coating, the type of grain used being decided by the desired result.
The coating consists of abrasive granules fixed onto a suitable support.
If the process is chemical the methods used are limited in the effects they produce and may damage the fabrics. Mechanical methods using rollers coated with abrasive granules raise many problems because of low efficiency, of the need for frequently redressing the abrasive layer, of the unevenness of results and because of obtaining effects which often are not those required.
Purpose of the invention is to provide a process for wet and dry lapping or finishing which offers considerable advantages compared with present processes both because of the effects obtained on all types of textile fabrics and because of its high production efficiency as will be explained below.
Subject of the invention is a process for continuous modification of surface appearance and colours on fabrics generally, in which process the fabric passes, stretched under tension, round a set of lapping rollers, the working surfaces of which carry a coating of diamond powder.
The diamond powder is applied to the surface of the roller by electrodeposition.
Shapes and sizes of the granules forming the diamond powder are chosen according to the desired abrasive action.
The fabric can be treated dry or wetted. For wet treatment, before its passage round the abrasive rollers, the fabric passes through a bath of liquid. The liquid may be water or may contain substances which, combined with the abrasive action, produce special effects on the treated fabric.
The working surface of the rollers may be divided up into areas of different shapes and sizes with intervals between one such area and another making the abrasive action more powerful due to the edges, which may be sharp,of the areas raised in relation to the spaces,facilitating discharge of particles removed and easier distribution of the liquid if the fabric is being treated wet.
The spaces may be strips with no diamond powder or even grooves in the surface of the rollers, with or without diamond powder, according to circumstances and preferences.
Also as circumstances require, the strips or grooves may be longitudinal or annular, placed at the same or different centre distances, the purpose of this being to produce on the fabric treated areas separated from untreated areas. The strips or grooves may be one or more halical pairs.
These pairs may lie in opposite directions and cross over. This produces excellent discharge flows of detached particles or dispersion of liquid if the treatment is wet. The strips or grooves may be partly longitudinal and partly annular, freely crossing one over another. Some rollers are motor-driven.
The number of rollers coated with diamond powder around which the fabric passes, and similarly the speed of one or other of the rollers,may be varied at will according to the effects it is desited to obtain.
The direction of rotation can be reversed for some or all rollers according to previously set stages of work. Clearance angle between fabric and rollers may be varied in accordance with the results to be produced.
Fabric tension can be varied as preferred to obtain that which is most suitable for the purpose.
The speed at which the fabric moves can also be varied. Action of the diamond coated rollers can be simultaneous on both sides of the fabric.
All working parameters chosen ca

REFERENCES:
patent: 2035640 (1936-03-01), Dickie et al.
patent: 3553801 (1971-01-01), Hadley
patent: 3894318 (1975-07-01), Ito et al.
patent: 4263790 (1981-04-01), Stopp et al.
patent: 4607409 (1986-08-01), Hishimuma et al.
patent: 5362499 (1994-11-01), Bertoldo
patent: 5492037 (1996-02-01), Graham
patent: 5636534 (1997-06-01), Bertoldo

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