Data processing: financial – business practice – management – or co – For cost/price – Utility usage
Patent
1996-07-03
1998-04-07
Cosimano, Edward R.
Data processing: financial, business practice, management, or co
For cost/price
Utility usage
324140R, 324140D, 324141, 324142, 364483, G01R 2106, G01R 1702, G01R 1700
Patent
active
057377308
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention refers to a process and an electronic electricity meter, preferably for measuring the consumption of small consumers of electrical energy, such as the inhabitants at the peripheries of large towns and in the country.
Many distributors of electrical energy presently have to face a serious difficulty related to the large number of consumers in the region of a lower billing limit which in Brazil, for example, is around 30 kWh/month (known as the minimum compulsory tariff). The billing of such consumers frequently fails to recompense the distributors for their investments made in installations, principally with respect to the installation of electricity meters. The simplest conventional meter, that is to say, an electromechanical single phase meter, as described in the "Electrical Metermen's Handbook", 7th Edition, edited in 1965 by the Edison Electric Institute, is the product of a technology over a hundred years old that has undergone a long period of improvements and cost reductions and which no longer appears to be suitable for further simplification or cost reduction. On the other hand, meters using electronic technology, such as that taught in French patent FR 2.555.318, do not result in cost reduction but rather only in the simplicity of implementation of multiple functions at reduced increased costs and this has justified their application only for larger consumers.
This is due to the relatively high cost of electronic circuits for calculating electrical energy and of auxiliary power and protection circuits which are characteristic of state-of-the-art meters.
In the case of cost reduction of electronic circuits for the calculation of electrical energy, French patent FR 2.694.405 proposes a simplification of the measurement process, reducing the complexity of the circuits and of the overall cost.
This approach involves the evaluation of electrical consumption by altering the electrical quantity being measured. The normally used quantity is active energy obtained by integrating, with respect to time, the active power which, in its turn, is given by corresponding to voltage and current, respectively).
Simplification of the measurement process is obtained by evaluating the electrical consumption only from the electrical current I, or from the combination of the electrical current I and from the voltage V, ignoring in both cases the information relating to the difference in the phase angle .phi.. In the former case, corresponding only to the use of the current I, the basic quantity is the ampere-hour (A.h) and, in the latter case, the Volt.Ampere-hour (V.A.h).
Dispensing the .phi. information results in a substantial cost reduction of the electronic circuits responsible for the measurement, although other measurements become necessary to maximise the reduction of costs, that is to say, the elimination of the auxiliary measurement and protection circuits, characteristic of the prior art, since it is international practise to use the line voltage as a power source for the electronic circuits of meters.
Another aspect that has become fundamental in the analysis and conception of electrical consumption measurement is the Quality of the Energy.
Modern electrical energy distribution systems, which today constitute large interconnected networks, in many cases cater for millions of consumers simultaneously. These consumers have the most diverse characteristics, as in the case of the residential/commercial segment where there is the massive use of electro-domestic appliances, computers and fluorescent type lighting; and in the industrial segment, where there are heavy loads used intermittently using electronic switches (thyristor type).
The final result is an increasing pollution of the distribution network, principally in terms of the appearance of parasitic frequencies in the system, multiples of the fundamental frequency (50 or 60 Hz), the said harmonics, and reduction of the power factor quality of the supply itself. In this case, one must consider eventual irregularities in the supply of t
REFERENCES:
patent: 3517311 (1970-06-01), Wasielewski et al.
patent: 4551812 (1985-11-01), Gurr et al.
patent: 5198751 (1993-03-01), Nakamura
patent: 5298856 (1994-03-01), McEachern et al.
patent: 5627759 (1997-05-01), Bearden et al.
Alvarenga Landulfo Mosqueira
Caldas Roberto Pereira
Lippincott Milton
Centro De Pesquisas De Energia Eletrica--Cepel
Cosimano Edward R.
LandOfFree
Measuring process for measuring chargeable electrical consumptio does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Measuring process for measuring chargeable electrical consumptio, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Measuring process for measuring chargeable electrical consumptio will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-28491