Wave transmission lines and networks – Wave mode converters
Patent
1989-10-16
1992-05-05
Gensler, Paul
Wave transmission lines and networks
Wave mode converters
333248, H01P 102, H01P 1165
Patent
active
051111640
ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to matching asymmetrical discontinuities in transmission lines to give low reflection coefficients (less than five percent) over a wide frequency band (corresponding to at least an octave in wavelength). A group of asymmetrical discontinuities, such as impedance steps in a waveguide, are matched by considering a reference plane whose position varies with frequency at which the reflection coefficient for waves transmitted in one direction is equal to that for waves transmitted in the opposite direction. Matching elements are then provided which have a reflection coefficient at the reference plane which is equal and opposite to the reflection coefficient of the discontinuities. Matching is less difficult if the distance between the steps is less than a quarter of a guide wavelength at all frequencies in the wide band mentioned above and such an arrangement is a "reduced quarter wave transformer". The technique of using the reference plane can also be applied to a single impedance step where two matching elements on either side of the step are required. The invention has application to, for example, waveguide transitions (including coaxial to waveguide transitions), waveguide twists, waveguide tees, symmetrical waveguide five ports, planar transmission lines, optical transmission lines and dielectric lenses. Waveguide twists, that is components for coupling two waveguides which are twisted in relation to one another, are usually several wavelengths long because a gradual rotation of the field preserves the field and avoids reflections. A very short twist is provided by the present invention and employs an aperture including a ridge. The twist functions by using the ridge to bind the electric field to a direction which is half-way between the electric fields in two waveguides coupled by the twist. Full band matching is also provided, in one instance by projections mounted on the ridge, at opposite ends thereof. Usually two opposed ridges are used, so that the aperture is "H" shaped in cross-section, with two pairs of the said projections, one pair at the end of each ridge.
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15th European Microwave Confer, Conference Proceedings, Sep. 85, pp. 330-334.
Gensler Paul
Lee Benny
National Research Development Corporation
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