Metal working – Method of mechanical manufacture – Electrical device making
Patent
1993-10-14
1996-02-06
Kalafut, Stephen
Metal working
Method of mechanical manufacture
Electrical device making
4271266, H01M 404
Patent
active
054893143
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a national phase application of PCT application no. PCT/JP92/01359, filed in Japan on Oct. 20, 1992, published as WO 93/08610.
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a manufacturing method of a nickel plate and manufacturing method of an alkaline battery. The nickel plate is a plate used for the alkaline battery. A nickel-zinc battery, a nickel metal-hydride battery and a nickel-cadmium battery etc. may be mentioned as the alkaline battery. These batteries are used mainly for a power supply for portable electronic equipment, a portable power supply, a power supply for electric vehicle such as an electric automobile and a scooter etc.
BACKGROUND ART
With a recent tendency of rapid decrease in weight of portable electronic equipment etc., it is required to minimize a weight and size of the alkaline battery to serve as a power supply for the equipment. That is, the alkaline battery is required to be increased in its energy density.
Various types such as a sintered type, a pasted type, a button type and a pocket type etc. have been known as the nickel plate for use as a positive electrode of the alkaline battery.
The sintered type nickel plate is one, in which powder of positive active material having a principal component of nickel hydroxide is filled in a porous sintered substrate formed by sintering nickel powder to a porous substrate such as a punched steel plate or a nickel net etc. In this electrode plate, peeling-off of nickel sintered product will occur due to weakening of mutual bonding between sintered nickel powder particles when a porosity of the substrate is increased. Therefore, a limit of practical porosity has been about 80%. For this reason, a filling density of active material has been small and only an energy density as small as about 400 mAh/cc has been obtained. Since pore diameters of the substrate have been as small as 10 microns or smaller, a method for filling the positive active material has been limited to a solution impregnation method requiring repeated troublesome processes.
The button type nickel plate is one, in which a small quantity of conductive material such as carbon powder is added to the foregoing positive active material powder, and this composite powder is pressed to be formed into a pellet shape. The pocket type nickel plate is one, in which a punched steel plate is worked to form a pocket and the foregoing positive active material powder is filled in this pocket. In these electrode plates, the positive active material powder is filled directly and the substrate to which the nickel powder is sintered is not used. Consequently, these plates have lacked in a current collecting property and offered an active material utilization efficiency as small as about 50% to 60%, so as to exert a performance considerably inferior to that of the sintered type nickel plate offering an active material utilization efficiency as large as about 90%. In order to improve these disadvantages, a measure in which fine particles such as nickel carbonyl powder are mixed to the foregoing positive active material powder is taken at present. Even by this measure, however, the performance can be improved by only about 10 %. The reason why the mixed nickel carbonyl powder does not function effectively is that nickel hydroxide having a poor electric conductivity is formed on surfaces of the nickel carbonyl powder particles at a positive electrode charge/discharge potential.
The pasted type nickel plate is formed in such a way that 1 to 30 wt % of CoO (cobalt monoxide) powder are mixed to the foregoing positive active material powder, this mixture is formed into a paste by using solvent such as MC (methyl cellulose) and CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) etc., and this paste is filled in a nickel fiber porous plate. This electrode plate is one, in which CoO is dissolved in electrolyte solution and made precipitate around the porous plate and the positive active material as .beta.-Co(OH).sub.2 which is formed by charging thereafter to form a conductive network comprising .beta.-C
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Bogauchi Takehito
Eguchi Yoshihiro
Kishimoto Tomonori
Nakagawa Hiroe
Yamane Mitsuo
Kalafut Stephen
Yuasa Corporation
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