Ships – Steering mechanism – Rudders
Patent
1988-07-20
1990-01-23
Basinger, Sherman D.
Ships
Steering mechanism
Rudders
114166, 440 40, 440 43, 440 66, B63H 514
Patent
active
048950939
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a manoeuvring device of the type described in the introduction to patent claim 1, for boats and other propeller-driven floating structures.
A manoeuvring device of this kind, the Kitchen rudder has been known since the 1920's. The Kitchen rudder has been burdened with substantial inconvenience making it unsuitable for practical use. It leads, for example, to turbulence developing between the plates, reducing the reversing effect when these are closed. In addition, the Kitchen rudder has had imprecise sideways manoeuvring effect.
Because of this, propeller speed, propeller pitch and side propellers are still commonly used manoeuvring aids, in addition to traditional rudders. This calls for expensive basic equipment and also demands extensive servicing and leads to unnecessarily high risk of failure.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the invention is to create a manoeuvring device, particularly for boats, that is simpler in construction and operation than devices now in common use.
More precisely, the aim is to improve the already available manoeuvring device so than it functions satisfactorily under all operating situations.
PRINCIPLE OF THE INVENTION
The principle of the invention is defined in that part of patent claim 1 that describes its characteristic features.
Such manoeuvring device can satisfactorily replace conventional manoeuvring devices based on rudders. In certain situations, specified below, it also provides substantial operating advantages compared with these. The most important additional advantages it offers are simpler construction and a demand for less servicing and repair compared with those manoeuvring devices now in common use.
Additional advantageous features of the invention are mentioned in the dependent patent claims.
EXAMPLE
The invention is described more fully below, reference being made to the drawings, where:
FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 show, respectively, side elevation, rear elevation and a simplified view from above of a version of the invention in motion straight ahead,
FIGS. 3 and 5 show, respectively, side elevation and a simplified view from above of the version chosen, during braking and reversing, whilst
FIGS. 6-8 show views from above of the tube plates in various operating situations.
In FIGS. 1 and 2 a bracket 11 is shown, which can be constructed as part of the boat hull (not illustrated), or be secured to that. The bracket has the form of an arm of metal plate directed steeply downwards and backwards. A horizontal, backwards-directed, supporting arm 12 is secured to the lower edge, whilst a horizontal supporting plate 13, e.g. with parallel sides, is mounted to the top and can function as a cavitation plate to prevent air being sucked down to a propeller 14 when the distance to the water surface is short.
The propeller 14 is secured to a propeller shaft 15 supported in a sleeve 16 fixed to the bracket 11. The propeller 14 may have a fixed pitch and rotational speed.
As a main active feature of the manoeuvring device a punch guide plate, respectively 17 and 18, is mounted on either side of the propeller 14, and this is referred to in the following as a tube plate. In cross section the tube plates 17 and 18 describe a circular-arched profile in their upper halves, adjusted to the diameter of the propeller, and an almost parabolic profile in their lower halves, because together the plates form a laterally enclosed duct or tube 19.
In the tube 19, and beneath the propeller 14, is a arched wing 20, called in the following a tube wing, that is located medially and follows the curvature of the upper halves of the tube plates 17 and 18. The tube wing 20 divides the tube 19 into an upper part 19A that is circular in cross section and a lower part 19B with sickle-shaped or crescent-shaped cross section. These distinguishing geometrical shapes relate to the operating situation illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4.
At their lower edges the tube plates 17 and 18 are mounted on the supporting arm 12 using a shaft journal 21
REFERENCES:
patent: 1186210 (1916-06-01), Kitchen et al.
patent: 1549564 (1925-08-01), Slocum
patent: 2155112 (1939-04-01), Anderson
patent: 2916005 (1959-12-01), Parsons
patent: 3185124 (1965-05-01), Spence
patent: 3226033 (1965-12-01), Cochran
patent: 3824946 (1974-07-01), MaCardy et al.
Basinger Sherman D.
Brahan Thomas J.
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