Fluid handling – Ambient condition change responsive – Atmospheric
Patent
1994-11-08
1998-05-26
Chambers, A. Michael
Fluid handling
Ambient condition change responsive
Atmospheric
137 80, 251230, F16K 1736
Patent
active
057552509
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a pollution/smoke manifold and valve assembly for use in detection apparatus incorporating an aspirated gas reticulation system connected to a large number of sampling points in which gas from a number of monitored spaces is drawn for testing.
It is normal in such systems for the pipe reticulation system to be jointed at a manifold which incorporates a dust filter prior to exposure of the gas to smoke/pollution detection equipment in a sampling chamber.
A known multi-port manifold preferably includes four equally spaced ports receiving gas samples carried to the ports by a pipe reticulation system.
A search of prior art records reveal several attempts at early warning techniques by way of identifying the specific area or zone from which pollution is being sourced.
Australian Patent No. 624097 relates to a fire alarm system including a plurality of slave fire detectors and a master detector to transmit a signal to a central receiving unit.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,660,052 (Uhl) relates to testing of successively withdrawn samples from a plurality of sources for testing and purging the system with clean air to avoid contamination between sources. This is a continuous process.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,755,834 (Marr) provides for several observation cabinets allowing for visual determination of those cabinets through which smoke is actually present.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,487 (Ludewig) discloses a rotary selector valve provided for continuously drawing off samples from zones and subjected to detection apparatus.
French Patent No. 2670010 (Cerberus) discloses detection devices in each supply line from different zones.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,488 (Skala) discloses a condensate nuclei monitor which is selectively switched from one zone to another to monitor condensate in each zone respectively with individual adjustment of sensitivity for each zone.
Because the air samples may be drawn from a relatively large area in a building or even from separate buildings, it is desirable in an early warning smoke/pollution detection system for early identification of the specific area or zone from which the smoke/pollution is sourced. This can be achieved by identifying the specific pipe or pipes attached to the manifold that are carrying smoke/polluted air and thereby narrows the search for the potential fire or fire. The above-mentioned prior specifications make an attempt at such early identification and localisation. Such identification will also enable utilisation of a monitoring system in a number of small discrete independently located areas, the individual size of which may not justify their own individual detection system.
It is also desirable that the apparatus achieving these aims is of a low power consumption and has low maintenance requirements.
It is an objective of the present invention to provide in a smoke/pollution detection apparatus a manifold valve device useful in quick identification of a zone in which smoke/pollution is detected.
There is provided according to the present invention, for use in a smoke/pollution detection apparatus, a manifold valve device adapted to receive gas/air drawn from a plurality of zones under surveillance through a reticulation pipe system comprising a plurality of pipes communicating with said zones, said manifold valve device being connected to said plurality of pipes receiving said gas/air, valve means selectively closing none or all but one of the inlet ports to the inlet valve device, the arrangement being such that the locality of the zone of any detected smoke/pollution can be quickly identified, wherein all ports to the manifold valve apparatus remain open in normal circumstances such that all monitored zones remain coupled to the detector and the manifold means is inoperative drawing negligible or no power until such time as smoke/pollution is detected to activate said manifold valve device.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a manifold valve system for use in a smoke/pollution detection apparatus in which gas/air is drawn from a plurali
REFERENCES:
patent: 1856350 (1932-05-01), Metcalf
patent: 1960515 (1934-05-01), Shield
patent: 4263930 (1981-04-01), McCabe
patent: 4800804 (1989-01-01), Symington
patent: 5022426 (1991-06-01), Fischer
Chambers A. Michael
I.E.I. PTY. Ltd.
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