Hydraulic and earth engineering – Drainage or irrigation – Including subsurface moisture barrier
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-07
2001-10-30
Will, Thomas B. (Department: 3673)
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Drainage or irrigation
Including subsurface moisture barrier
C405S040000, C405S041000, C405S053000, C404S025000, C404S002000, C052S020000, C052S021000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06309139
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a device which is applicable to storm water filtration and exfiltration systems wherein a storm sewer system is designed to return at least a portion of the runoff water into the soil during periods of rainfall.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For many years, the primary object of a storm sewer system in urban and suburban developments has been to collect runoff water in catch basins, etc., duct the water from catch basins into a storm sewer pipe and provide suitable ducting to lead the captured water to a suitable dumping site such as a lake, river or ocean. Little thought has been given to returning some or all of the runoff water to the soil through which the storm sewer system passes.
Because of increasing public awareness of the gradual depletion of the underwater aquifer, more and more attention has been given to the conservation and replenishment of the underground aquifer.
To this end, extensive studies have been done to determine possible methods of restoring the aquifers in areas of urban development which are serviced by storm sewer systems which, until recently, have functioned in the classical manner of ducting all the runoff water into some type of sink.
Such a study was carried out in the city of Etobicoke and is reported in publication ISBN 0-7778-72854 entitled Post-Construction Evaluation of Stormwater Exfiltration and Filtration Systems by A. M. Candaras Associates Inc. (Project No. 9321) under publication PIBS 3622E (Queens Printer for Ontario 1997).
This study details methods of controlling runoff and the introduction of storm sewage effluent into the soil surrounding a storm sewer installation. In the system studied, a conventional storm sewer system is augmented by connecting a parallel drainage system comprising a system of perforated drainage pipes located in a sewer trench just below the standard storm sewer pipe used (previously) to carry the total runoff water. The sewer trench, in which the perforated pipes are located, is purposely filled with stone aggregate. The perforated pipes and the storm sewer pipe are connected into a conventional manhole system, so that the storm sewer pipe is located in the sewer trench a predetermined distance above the perforated drainage pipes. The perforated pipes are plugged at each connected downstream manhole to prevent the passage of the runoff water contained in the perforated pipes into the downstream manhole and to encourage the water in the perforated pipes to flow into the stone aggregate surrounding the perforated pipes.
At times of substantial runoff events, it will be found that the perforated pipe system may not be able to contend with the entire runoff and as the water in the manholes builds up to the storm sewer outlets, the standard storm sewer begins to conduct the excess runoff to the usual sink.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A modified manhole will be described which will prove invaluable to the success of returning the water contained in the perforated pipe-stone aggregate system into the underground aquifer. Each manhole in the runoff recovery system is provided with a pair of extension wings which will function as a dam in the storm sewer excavation trench where the stone aggregate is located. The extension wings are preferably an integral part of the manhole or they may be accessories readily attachable to the existing manhole structure.
PERTINENT PRIOR ART
U.S. Pat. No. 5,511,904 Apr. 30, 1996 Van Egmond
This patent describes a funnel structure for filtering and discharging storm sewage water into an underground aquifer by providing a conductive path for the escape of water through a sump provided in the bottom of the manhole. The sump is basically an open pipe which allows filtered sewage water to flow into the soil beneath the manhole. Filtration is provided by a sack filled with suitable filtering materials which is placed in the sump where the sewer water enters the sump. In this manner, water is encouraged to enter the soil beneath the manhole.
This patent, which requires a minimum of expense to install in new or existing installations, will function to return a portion of the runoff water to the soil surrounding the base of a manhole, requires substantial maintenance in order to periodically remove the filter sacks from the manhole sumps when they become clogged through use.
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patent: 5386669 (1995-02-01), Almeida
patent: 5490744 (1996-02-01), McNeil
patent: 5511904 (1996-04-01), Van Egmond
patent: 6074130 (2000-06-01), Duran
Oldham Edward H.
Pechhold Alexandra K.
Wilkinson Heavy Precast Limited
Will Thomas B.
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