Malic acid diester surfactants

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...

Reexamination Certificate

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Details

C106S287240, C106S287260, C523S160000, C523S161000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06969738

ABSTRACT:
This invention provides water-based compositions, particularly coating, ink, fountain solution, adhesive and agricultural compositions, manifesting reduced equilibrium and dynamic surface tension by the incorporation of a surface tension reducing amount of certain malate diester compounds of the structurewhere R1and R2are C3 to C6 alkyl groups.

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Schwartz, J. “The Importance of Low Dynamic Surface Tension in Waterborne Coatings”, Journal of Coatings Technology, Sep. 1992.
Wirth, W.; Storp, S.; Jacobsen, W. “Mechanisms Controlling Leaf Retention of Agricultural Spray Solutions”, Pestic. Sci. 1991, 33, 411-420.
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Kyotani et al., Sekiyu Gakkaishi, 1988, 31 382.

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