Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Using magnetic force
Patent
1993-09-08
1997-08-12
Savage, Matthew O.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Using magnetic force
210175, 210194, 210222, C02F 148
Patent
active
056561717
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process and apparatus for reducing corrosion and lime deposits from salts in water solution by means of magnetic action exerted on water that is caused to flow past surfaces exposed to corrosion or encrustation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The action of magnetic fields on flowing water is already known to activate water so that it can prevent lime deposits on metal surfaces and even remove existing lime deposits therefrom. It is assumed that this effect is due to the fact that magnetic action exerted on flowing water produces a small number of "activated" centers which act as crystal seeds on which lime is separated, mainly in a finely granular form, and then remains dispersed. The effectiveness of the activated centers remains preserved over a certain period, 48 hours at the longest. It appears that protection of metal surfaces against corrosion is maintained by the "activated" water forming a thin protective film of lime, while the formation of limestone is prevented or existing encrustations removed. This physical treatment of the water is performed without chemical additives, but requires a careful mutual adaptation of the quantity of water flowing through and the number, arrangement and strength of the magnetic fields acting thereon. The process and an apparatus suitable for its performance are disclosed, for example, in German Utility Model 89 13 274. In such a device water flowing spirally in a tube is subjected to magnetic fields. It should be noted that a magnetic fluid treatment device such as disclosed in the above-mentioned German Utility Model is also similar to the one disclosed in FIG. 4 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,512,289 (Collins). Also, a magnetic water treatment device is commercially available and is manufactured under the trade name "Permasolvent" sold by the firm Perma-Trade GmbH.
A suitable device for providing a magnetic action on a fluid is shown in FIGS. 10-14b. The permanent-magnetic liquid-treatment device, illustrated in FIG. 10 in a longitudinal cross-section, serves the treatment of water and is equipped with a para-magnetic tubular housing 101 which is flowed through from left to right by the liquid to be treated. At both ends 105 and 106 of the housing, which is illustrated in FIG. 11 again in a longitudinal cross-sectional view without inserts, connecting pieces 107, 108, of which one is illustrated in FIG. 12a in a longitudinal cross-section, are bolted by an external thread 128 to an internal thread 129 of the housing 101 and tightly joined by washers 126 which are seated in annular grooves 127 on the inside wall 116 of the housing 101. In the housing 101 is placed, coaxially to its longitudinal axis 110 and at a distance from its inside wall 116, a plastic internal pipe 102, which ducts the water to be treated through the housing and the two ends of which 117, 118 are connected in a leakproof manner to the connecting pieces 107, 108 by way of sealing rings 125 which are seated in annular grooves 124 of the connecting pieces, and the aforementioned internal tube ends are seated on a shoulder 123 of a respective connecting piece and are axially clamped to the housing 101 when the connecting pieces 107, 108 are bolted together.
The through-flow cross-section of the connecting pieces 107, 108 expands in the direction of the housing ends 105, 106. These conical expansions 113, 114, which are shown in FIGS. 12a and 12b, are at the inner ends, i.e. in the area of the annular groove 123 of the connecting pieces, matched to the throughflow cross-section of the internal pipe 102, i.e. they merge directly into the latter cross-section whilst the outer ends of these conical expansions merge into cylindrically formed threaded pieces 119, 120, by means of which not illustrated portions of a pipeline, into which the device is built, are bolted.
The internal pipe 102 has a smooth wall on its inside, i.e. it is not provided with chicanes, and is centrically to the centre axis 110 pulled through by an iron spindle 115 which intrudes into the c
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