Valves and valve actuation – Permanent or constantly energized magnet actuator
Patent
1990-02-27
1992-03-24
Schwadron, Martin P.
Valves and valve actuation
Permanent or constantly energized magnet actuator
2511292, 335179, 335253, F16K 3108, F16K 3102
Patent
active
050980629
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a magnetic valve which is closed in the currentless state, with the closing and sealing force being generated with the aid of a permanent magnet.
Various, usually complicated magnetic valve structures in which the valve closing force is generated by means of permanent magnets are known in the art.
In view of the sensitivity of electrical windings to liquids or gases, the coil chamber of magnetic valves must be sealed against the area to be blocked in which the movable armature is disposed. Due to air gaps which increase in size, this usually leads to solutions requiring increased electrical power or being expensive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The magnetic valve according to the invention is intended to open the discharge opening of a liquid container, for example in a household appliance, with the least possible current when excited and to close it again in the currentless state. The pressure differences to which the valve is subjected are slight and it is necessary to protect the winding against liquid vapors, deposits, etc.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a simple and economical structural solution which optimally accomplishes the task at hand.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 depicts a preferred embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A liquid container 1 made, for example, of plastic has an opening 0 in its lower region held closed by a valve cone 2 made, for example, of rubber. This cone is disposed on a movable armature 3 produced of a magnetic material, possibly having corrosion inhibiting characteristics, e.g. of stainless steel. Armature 3 is provided with a permanent magnet 4 (e.g. of ferrite) which is equipped with a pole plate 5 that positively bundles the magnetic field lines from magnet 4.
Armature 3, including valve cone 2, magnet 4 and pole plate 5, is rotatable about its left extremity and is otherwise mounted, by way of stops (not shown), so that, in the open valve position, it takes on the position shown in dashed lines. In this position, the opening o of container 1 is exposed so that its contents are able to flow out. Armature 3 is provided with a bend between the plane of the valve cone and the plane of the magnet, so that the permanent magnet lies higher than opening o. The reason for this design is to prevent the outflowing liquid from wetting permanent magnet 4 and its pole plate 5 which could produce larger quantities of deposits that would interfere with the proper functioning of the valve.
Armature 3 is driven by interaction with an electromagnet composed of a magnetic yoke 6 equipped with a coil 7.
The chamber for the electromagnet is separated from the armature chamber by a thin sheet 8. The latter prevents liquid vapors or drops from penetrating into the coil chamber and thus produce corrosion phenomena or leakage currents at the electrical components. The separating sheet 8 may be composed, for example, of an adhesive tape that is glued over a correspondingly shaped extension f of container 1. Structurally, care must be taken that the ends of magnetic yoke 6 lie in the same plane with extension f of container 1 so that adhesive sheet 8 is in good contact. The thickness of adhesive sheet 8, which is only a few one-hundredth of a millimeter, ensures that no larger air gap and thus no large magnetic losses can be created between pole plate 5 or armature 3 and yoke 6. If greater magnetic losses are acceptable, it is also possible to omit separating sheet 8 and instead configure extension f of container 1 as a thin partition between armature 3 and magnetic yoke 6.
With the appropriate excitation of coil 7, magnetic repelling forces are generated at the interface between yoke 6 and pole plate 5; that is, the extremity of yoke 6 will have the same polarity as pole plate 5. In the case where coil 7 is without current, attraction forces are generated between magnetic yoke 6 and pole plate 5 to close the valve. The magnetic forces acting between magnetic yoke
REFERENCES:
patent: 2349443 (1944-05-01), McCarty
patent: 2850258 (1958-09-01), Lazich
patent: 2947319 (1960-08-01), Kaldobsky
patent: 3089931 (1963-05-01), Cunningham
patent: 3481578 (1969-12-01), Baldi
patent: 4561632 (1985-12-01), Hugler
Lee Kevin L.
Melitta-Werke Bentz & Sohn
Schwadron Martin P.
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