Electricity: magnetically operated switches – magnets – and electr – Magnets and electromagnets – Electron or ion beam deflecting type
Patent
1988-12-14
1990-02-20
Harris, George
Electricity: magnetically operated switches, magnets, and electr
Magnets and electromagnets
Electron or ion beam deflecting type
335213, H01F 700
Patent
active
049029932
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a magnetic deflection system for charged particles.
TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
To guide particle beams on circular orbits, particularly in a synchrotron or mass spectrometer, it is necessary to have high magnetic field intensities which are generated by specially shaped bending magnets.
The deflection radius r.sub.0 is a function of the particle pulse p and of the magnetic field B. The following applies: ##EQU1## where q is the charge of the particle.
With a given particle pulse, small deflection radii r.sub.0 are produced with the largest possible magnetic fields. However, iron magnets have a technically realizable limit at 1.8 T. Higher fields can be realized with superconductive coils.
Details of the configuration and operation of such deflection systems are disclosed, for example, in the publication entitled "Entwurf einer Synchrotronstrahlungsquelle mit supraleitenden Ablenkmagneten fur die Mikrofertigung nach dem LIGA-Verfahren" [Design of a Synchrotron Radiation Source Equipped With Superconductive Deflection Magnets For Microproduction According To The LIGA Method], KfK 3976, September 1985, ISSN 0303-4003. This publication describes coil concepts for superconductive deflection magnets in which the magnetic guide field perpendicular to the plane of the desired orbit is generated by means of coils whose winding faces are disposed parallel to the plane of the desired orbit. The winding faces have two long sides parallel to the particle orbit and two short sides which cross the particle orbit. The required magnetic field is generated by electrical currents extending parallel to the particle orbit. The currents crossing the particle orbit produce excessive fields and field distortions which cause intensive interference in the orbit. This effect is greater the closer the winding packets are broght to the particle orbit. These interferences in the orbit are reduced in that the winding regions crossing over the particle orbit are brought away from the plane of the desired orbit. This results in complicated coil geometries and considerable manufacturing problems, particularly with the use of superconductors. Superconductive coils are produced according to the pre-tensioning principle in order to prevent conductor movement which is one of the causes of quench. In the prior art coils here under consideration, a conductor enclosing the winding face passes through an outer radius >r.sub.0 and an inner radius <r.sub.0, with r.sub.0 representing the deflection radius. When the coil is wound, no pretension can be applied in the region of the inner radius. Consequently, the pretensioning must be effected by clamping around the coil system. However, a synchrotron requires an arrangement in which the generated synchrotron light in the plane of the particle orbit is able to tangentially exit the magnet system. Consequently only those clamps must be employed which do not completely surround the coil system.
Such clamping elements are disclosed in German Patent No. 3,511,282. It describes a superconductive magnet system for particle accelerators of a synchrotron radiation source in which the winding faces of the coils are arranged parallel to the plane of the desired orbit and the windings cross the particle orbit.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a magnet design for the above-mentioned magnetic deflection system which can be realized with a reduction of structural expenditures and facilitates the use of superconductive coils by its simple manufacturing technique.
The present invention provides magnetic deflection system for charged particles, which includes a coil arrangement for generating a magnetic guide field perpendicular to the plane of the desired orbit so as to guide the particles in the plane S.sub.E of the desired orbit on a deflection path on a deflection radius r.sub.0. The system has at least two coils which are arranged on top of one another on either side of an area A.sub.0 defined by the direction of the magnetic gu
REFERENCES:
patent: 4680565 (1987-07-01), Jahnke
patent: 4769623 (1988-09-01), Marsing et al.
J. E. Draper: "Beam Sterring with Quadrupole and with Rectangular Box Magnets", Oct. 1966, pp. 1390-1394.
T. E. Wood: "High Magnetic Field Techniques for Neutron and X-Ray Scattering", Sep. 1984, pp. 685-690.
W. Heinz: "Research Work on Superconducting Magnet Systems in Germany", Mar. 1975, pp. 148-153.
Harris George
Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
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