Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving hydrolase
Reexamination Certificate
2002-03-15
2008-03-25
Swope, Sheridan (Department: 1652)
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving hydrolase
C530S350000, C435S252330, C435S007200, C435S032000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07348161
ABSTRACT:
Macrolide resistance associated with macrolide efflux (mef) inStreptococcus pneumoniaehas been defined with respect to the genetic structure and dissemination of a novel mefE-containing chromosomal insertion element. The mefE gene is found on the 5′-end of a 5.5 kb or 5.4 kb insertion designated mega (macrolideeffluxgeneticassembly) found in at least four distinct sites of the pneumococcal genome. The element is transformable and confers macrolide resistance to susceptibleS. pneumoniae. The first two open reading frames (ORFs) of the element form an operon composed of mefE and a predicted ATP-binding cassette homologous to msrA. Convergent to this efflux operon are three ORFs with homology to stress response genes of Tn5252. Mega is related to mefA-containing element Tn1207.1. Macrolide resistance due to mega has been rapidly increased by clonal expansion of bacteria containing it and horizontally by transformation of previously sensitive bacteria.
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Gay Kathryn
Stephens David S.
Emory University
Greenlee Winner and Sullivan P.C.
Swope Sheridan
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