Electric heating – Metal heating – Cutting or disintegrating
Patent
1986-04-14
1989-07-18
Pellinen, A. D.
Electric heating
Metal heating
Cutting or disintegrating
20412943, 20412946, 204212, 204224M, 219 692, B23H 504, B23H 506, B24B 5300
Patent
active
048495999
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore, during machining of a workpiece (an article to be machined) by means of a grinding wheel, if clogging of the grinding wheel occurs, one had to stop machining the workpiece once and then to perform dressing of the grinding wheel (repairing the grindstone in shape and sharpness).
On the contrary, this invention relates to a machining method employing cutting or grinding wherein dressing of a grindstone is performed while machining a workpiece by use of the grindstone.
Namely, according to this invention, while a workpiece is being cut or ground by use of a conductive grindstone, dressing is performed by making an electrode close to or in contact with the grindstone.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
When a grinding wheel for cutting or grinding a workpiece is used for a long time, clogging occurs due to adhesion of shavings between the grains of the grinding wheel, thereby resulting in an extremely low machining efficiency. Therefore, it was necessary to stop machining from time to time and then mechanically dress the working surface of the grindstone by means of a well-known dresser. This is the case for not only normal insulating grindstones but also grindstones consisting of diamond grains or borazon grains and metallic binder and entirely conductive grindstones for use in electrolytic grinding. Particularly, if a workpiece is made of a material which is apt to incur clogging, it results in extremely lowering machining efficiency and shortening the life of the grindstone.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide a machining method and apparatus wherein dressing can be performed while machining a workpiece.
Another object of this invention is to provide a machining method and apparatus capable of maintaining a high machining efficiency and prolonging the life of the grindstone.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1a and 1b show workpieces under machining;
FIGS. 2 to 5 show other different grindstones;
FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of dressing electrodes;
FIGS. 7 to 11 show voltage waveforms applied for dressing; and
FIGS. 12 to 16 show machining apparatus of different types.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION:
Embodiments of this invention will be described in connection with the accompanying drawings.
(A) Grindstone
In this invention, the following two different type grindstones can be used for machining a workpiece:
The entirely conductive grindstone means one the whole of which is conductive. All of entirely conductive grindstones publicly known, such as metal-bonded grindstones, conductivity-imparted glass-bonded or resin-bonded grindstones and electroplated grindstones can be used.
A partially conductive grindstone 1 comprises conductive zones 2 formed by a conductive element exposed to the peripheral surface of a non-conductive grindstone disk. Thus, in this type grindstone, abrasive zones 3 formed by non-conductive grindstone material exist between the conductive zones 2. Namely, in the peripheral surface of this type grindstone, conductive zones 2 and abrasive zones 3 are alternately arranged, or there are discrete conductive zones 2 surrounded by abrasive zones 3. A conductive ring 4 is provided with the grindstone 1 at its center for electrically connecting to each of the conductive zones 2 at the peripheral surface. Such electric connections can be made by providing embedded radial conductive paths 5.
Other different grindstones of this type wherein conductive zones 2 and abrasive zones 3 are alternately arranged or there are discrete conductive zones 2 within abrasive zone 3 are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
(B) Electrodes for Dressing
A dressing electrode 6 may be in the form of a block or a disk.
This electrode 6 may be made of any material having a good conductivity, a good wear-resistance, good arcing characteristics, a good arcing wear-resistance and a good corrosion resistance. For example, the materials include various conductive materials containing resin, glass or metal, or a mixture thereof as a bi
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patent: 4236985 (1980-12-01), Grodzinsky et al.
patent: 4448656 (1984-05-01), Kuromatsu
patent: 4596066 (1986-06-01), Inoue
patent: 4640057 (1987-02-01), Salje
patent: 4641007 (1987-02-01), Lach
Evans Geoffrey S.
Pellinen A. D.
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