Mach-Zehnder integrated optical modulator

Details Mach-Zehnder integrated optical modulator Mach-Zehnder integrated optical modulator

1986-02-21

1987-12-01

Lee, John

350 9613, G02B 610, G02F 100

Patent

active

047099780

ABSTRACT:
A Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator includes on a Z-cut crystal substrate of LiNbO.sub.3 an input waveguide section (302), an input branching section (303) for dividing an optical signal on the input waveguide into two substantially equal portions, first and second branch waveguides (304, 305) each having an electrode associated therewith (309, 308), an output branching section (306) for recombining the light from each branch waveguide into a single optical signal on an output waveguide section (307). The two branch waveguides are spaced close enough to maximize the field overlap between the applied electrical field and the optical field in the waveguides but are optically decoupled to prevent cross-coupling of light between the branches. This decoupling is achieved by using structures which change the propagation constant of one of the branches with respect to the other along the modulation length.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4146297 (1979-03-01), Alferness et al.
Gee et al., "Traveling-Wave Electrooptic Modulator", Applied Optics, vol. 22, No. 13; 1 Jul. 1983, pp. 2034-2037.
Leonberger, "High-Speed Operation of LiNbO.sub.3 Electro-Optic Interfrometric Waveguide Modulators", Optics Letters, Jul. 1980, vol. 5, No. 7, pp. 312-314.
Osamu Mikami and Sakae Zembutsu, "Coupling-Length Adjustment for an Optical Directional Coupler as a 2.times.2 Switch", Appl. Phys. Lett., 35(1), Jul. 1, 1979, pp. 38-40.
Makoto Minakata, "Efficient LiNbO.sub.3 Balanced Bridge Modulator/Switch with an Ion-Etched Slot", Appl. Phys. Lett., 35(1), Jul. 1, 1979, pp. 40-42.
Makoto Minakata, "Efficient LiNbO.sub.3 Balanced Bridge Modulator/Switch with an Ion-Etched Slot", Appl. Phys. Lett., 35(1), Jul. 1, 1979.
Osamu Mikami and Sakae Zembutsu, "Modified Balanced-Bridge Switch with Two Straight Waveguides", Appl. Phys. Lett., 35(2), Jul. 15, 1979, pp. 145-147.

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