Conveyors: fluid current – Intake to fluid current conveyor – Terminal type
Patent
1994-06-13
1997-05-06
Bell, Mark L.
Conveyors: fluid current
Intake to fluid current conveyor
Terminal type
106417, 106439, 106459, 106472, 106474, 106479, 106 319, C04B 1420
Patent
active
056266618
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to novel luster pigments based on multiply coated plateletlike silicatic substrates, obtainable by further coating substrates already coated with a first layer comprising a colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide essentially of carbon, a metal or a metal oxide, and selectively absorbing metal oxide, wherefor oxygen-containing hydrocarbons that for every two carbon atoms contain at least one oxygen atom, the metal layer (step a) is applied by gas phase decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in an inert gas, and decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in the presence of oxygen, water vapor or mixtures thereof case b) additionally with a nonselectively absorbing layer a).
The invention further relates to novel luster pigments based on multiply coated plateletlike silicatic substrates comprising oxide, carbon or a metal, and oxide oxide and metallic iron, molybdenum and/or tungsten.
The invention also relates to the preparation of these luster pigments and to the use thereof for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, decorative cosmetic preparations, glasses and ceramic products.
Luster or effect pigments are increasingly used in many sectors of industry, for example in automobile coatings, decorative coatings, plastics pigmentation, printing inks, in particular encaustic inks, paints and cosmetics.
Their optical effect is based on directional reflection at predominantly sheetlike, oriented metallic or strongly refractive pigment particles. According to the nature of the pigment particles, the pigments are also known as metallic effect pigments (eg. aluminum, zinc, copper or alloys thereof) or pearl luster pigments (eg. based on coated mica such as muscovite, phlogopite and biotite, talc or glass).
Luster pigments may have a multiphase structure, formed by coating the starting substrates with thin films of highly refractive oxides such as chromium(III) oxide, in particular iron oxide and titanium oxide. Interference with or without absorption will in these cases result in a multiplicity of hue variations depending on the thickness of the oxide layer; these pigments are therefore also known as interference pigments.
As a result of the incident light being reflected directionally at the plateletlike pigment particles, coated luster pigments that are oriented, for example in a lacquer, exhibit goniochromaticity; that is, their perceived color (lightness and/or hue and/or chroma) varies with the angle of illumination or observation. These effects can be ascribed to a complex interplay of reflection and transmission of the incident light, the color of which can be altered by phenomena due to the pigment particles, such as interference in thin films and absorption by colored centers.
It is known to coat already oxide-coated plateletlike silicatic substrates with further layers to obtain specific properties.
For instance, EP-A-313 280 discloses the further coating with wet-chemically electrolessly deposited metals, including cobalt. In DE-A-3 825 702 the further coating with metals, inter alia chromium and nickel, is effected by wet-chemical reduction from a metal salt solution or by vacuum deposition. According to U.S. Pat. No. 3,053,683 uncoated glass particles can be coated with nickel, chromium or molybdenum by gas phase decomposition of nickel tetracarbonyl, dibenzenechromium or dibenzenemolybdenum.
DE-A-1 165 182 describes the coating of oxide-coated mica platelets with carbon by pyrolysis of hydrocarbons or higher fatty acids or derivatives thereof which, to avoid the formation of free soot particles, should contain oxygen in not more than minor amounts.
Finally, DE-A-3 617 430 discloses providing oxide-coated mica platelets with a further layer containing iron(II) oxide, which can be wuestite, magnetite or further mixed oxides. These layers were obtained either wet-chemically by oxidation of an iron(II) salt solution and subsequent drying or by reduction of an iron(III) oxide layer already additionally applied to the mica particles. In addition,
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Adel Joerg
Mronga Norbert
Ochmann Harald
Schmid Raimund
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Bell Mark L.
Hertzog Scott L.
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