Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Organic oxygen compound
Patent
1996-05-17
1999-06-01
Johnson, Jerry D.
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Organic oxygen compound
508580, 252 68, 526332, 526333, 526334, C10M10724, C10M10722, C09K 504, C08F 1620
Patent
active
059088184
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a novel lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators. More particularly, the present invention relates to a lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators which comprises a polyvinyl ether compound having excellent compatibility with chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) in general.!, such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, difluoromethane, and pentafluoroethane (referred to as Flon 134a, Flon 32, and Flon 125, respectively, hereinafter) and the like, which can be used as the refrigerant to replace compounds causing environmental pollution, such as dichlorofluoroethane (referred to as Flon 12, hereinafter) and the like, as well as with ammonia, exhibiting superior stability and lubricating property, showing low hygroscopicity, and provided with a volume intrinsic resistance of 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or more at the temperature of 80.degree. C.
2. Description of the Related Arts
Compression-type refrigerators are generally constituted with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator and has a structure in which mixed fluid of a refrigerant and a lubricating oil is circulated in the closed system. Temperature is high in the compressor and low in the refrigerating chamber generally in the compression-type refrigerator though the conditions may be different depending on the type of machinery, and it is generally required that the refrigerant and the lubricating oil be circulated in the system without causing phase separation in the wide range of temperature as well as in the wide range of the refrigerant/refrigeration lubricating oil ratio. When phase separation occurs during the operation of the refrigerator, life and efficiency of the apparatus are adversely affected to a great extent. For example, when the phase separation of the refrigerant and the lubricating oil occurs in the part of the compressor, lubrication of the moving parts is deteriorated and seizure occurs to cause decrease in the life of the apparatus to a great extent. When the phase separation occurs in the evaporator, efficiency of heat exchange is decreased because of the presence of lubricating oil of high viscosity.
Because the lubricating oil for refrigerators is used for the purpose of lubricating moving parts in refrigerators, the lubricating property is naturally important. Particularly, because the temperature in the compressor is high, the viscosity which can hold the oil film necessary for the lubrication is important. The required viscosity is different depending on the type of the compressor used and working conditions and it is generally preferable that the viscosity (kinematic viscosity) of the lubricating oil before mixing with the refrigerant be 5 to 1000 cSt at 40.degree. C. When the viscosity is lower than this range, the oil film becomes thin to cause insufficient lubrication. When the viscosity is higher than this range, efficiency of the heat exchange is decreased.
Electric refrigerators have the motor and the compressor built into a single body and the lubricating oil for them is required to have a high degree of electric insulating property. In general, a volume intrinsic resistance of 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or more at 80.degree. C. is required. When the resistance is lower than this value, possibility of leak of electricity arises.
Furthermore, low hygroscopicity and high stability are required for a lubricating oil. For example, when a lubricating oil has high hygroscopicity, there arises the possibility that water reacts with organic materials to form compounds causing formation of sludge. When organic acids are formed by hydrolysis or the like, corrosion and abrasion of the apparatus tend to take place although degree of the corrosion and the abrasion depends on the amount of the organic acids.
As the refrigerant for compressor-type refrigerators, mainly Flon 12 has heretofore been used and, as the lubricating oil, various types of mineral o
REFERENCES:
patent: 5399631 (1995-03-01), Egawa et al.
patent: 5449472 (1995-09-01), Egawa et al.
patent: 5518643 (1996-05-01), Egawa et al.
Egawa Tatsuya
Kawaguchi Yasuhiro
Shimizu Nobuaki
Terada Izumi
Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd.
Johnson Jerry D.
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