Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Compound of indeterminate structure – prepared by reacting a...
Patent
1997-03-11
1998-05-19
Johnson, Jerry D.
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Compound of indeterminate structure, prepared by reacting a...
508231, 508271, 508272, 508273, 508579, 252331, 252344, 252358, C10M14108, B01D 1705
Patent
active
057535981
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to demulsifier compositions and to improvements in oil compositions, particularly in lubricating oil compositions. The invention has particular relevance to lubricating oils for marine engines, but is not limited thereto.
Oils for use in marine engines generally fall into one of three main classes, namely marine diesel cylinder lubricants (MDCLs) and trunk piston engine oils (TPEOs), and system oils. Under the crankcase conditions in which TPEOs are normally used (the presence of condensation, the possibility of water contamination, and the use of a lubricant purification system), there is a tendency for water to form an emulsion with the oil, which will normally contain a dispersant and a metal-containing detergent. Emulsion formation may also be a problem with system oils, although, as system oils normally contain less metal-containing detergent than TPEOs, or no metal-containing detergent at all, the tendency of system oils to form emulsions is generally lower than for TPEOs.
The formation of emulsions is undesirable, as an emulsion may interfere with the working of the oil and/or of parts of the engine, and/or the intimate association of the oil and the water in the emulsion may result in an increased tendency for additives in the oil to become dissolved or dispersed in the water and to be lost from the oil when the oil is purified by the removal of water. Further, the presence of an emulsion may also result in blocking of filters and reduced efficiency of centrifuges used in purification of the oil.
There have been numerous proposals to incorporate demulsifiers in oil compositions. For example as disclosed in EP 333 141 A, U.S. Pat. No. 3,752,657, U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,902, U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,110, GB. 2 008 146 A, U.S. Pat. No. 4,705,834, DE 3 635 489 A, EP 333 135 A, GB 1 186 659. EP 330 522 A discloses an oil-soluble mixture useful as an oil additive which comprises a specified lubricating oil ashless additive, a demulsifier additive comprising the reaction product of an alkylene oxide and an adduct of a bis-epoxide and a polyhydric alcohol, and a compatibility additive for enhancing the solubility of the demulsifier in the oil solutions in which it is used. The compatibility additive comprises an alcohol, for example, a glycol, ester or hydroxyamide derivative of a carboxylic acid having a total of from 24 to 90 carbon atoms and at least one carboxylic group per molecule, preferred compatibility additives being dimer acid esters, the dimer acids being cyclohexene dicarboxylic acids formed from C.sub.18 to C.sub.22 unsaturated fatty acids.
EP 391 649 A describes an ashless lubricating composition for heavy duty diesel engines. The lubricant contains an oil-soluble sulphur compound as a corrosion inhibitor, for example a thiadiazole compound. It may also contain demulsifier.
Despite the above proposals there remains a need for additives having a highly effective demulsifying action and, in particular, having a highly effective demulsifying action in TPEOs and system oils. Some demulsifier systems have solubility problems associated with their use in oils. Demulsifier systems with improved solubility in oils and/or activity in oils are therefore desirable.
It has surprisingly been found that the effectiveness of demulsifier systems especially demulsifier systems derived from epoxy group containing materials such as crosslinked polyoxyalkylene polyol demulsifiers can be enhanced when they are used in combination with certain heterocyclic compounds. This combination provides what is believed to be a synergistic interaction. Whatever the exact mechanism this invention enables improved water shedding performance at a given level of demulsifier to be achieved. Some demulsifiers are associated with stability problems in certain lubricating oil formulations; this problem manifests itself in the occurrence of haze and/or sedimentation. The present invention may allow lower levels of demulsifier to be used in formulations without loss of water shedding performance with the possibility of a
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Allocca Joseph J.
Exxon Research and Engineering Company
Johnson Jerry D.
Watts Susan Fletcher
LandOfFree
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