Low voltage operated oscillator using transistors with forward b

Details Low voltage operated oscillator using transistors with forward b Low voltage operated oscillator using transistors with forward b

1997-12-23

1999-08-10

Grimm, Siegfried H.

Oscillators

Ring oscillators

331185, H03B 502, H03K 3354

Patent

active

059364777

ABSTRACT:
An oscillator, such as a ring oscillator, uses CMOS transistors. At least some of the transistors have forward biased, current limited source-tub junctions for lowering the threshold voltages of these transistors. This enables the oscillator to operate at very low supply voltages, and it may be used in an electronic timepiece powered by a single photovoltaic cell.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3855549 (1974-12-01), Huener et al.
patent: 4388536 (1983-06-01), Peil et al.
patent: 5017811 (1991-05-01), Worley
patent: 5239274 (1993-08-01), Chi
patent: 5302920 (1994-04-01), Bitting
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 43, No. 6, Jun. 1996, pp. 904-909, XP000636245 Chen M-J et al: "Back-Gate Forward Bias Method for Low-Voltage CMOS Digital Circuits".

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