Low-temperature fluidity improver

Details Low-temperature fluidity improver Low-temperature fluidity improver

1983-12-12

1987-03-24

Lieberman, Allan M.

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...

524487, 44 62, C08L 3500, C10L 118

Patent

active

046526110

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION

1. Technical Field
This invention relates to a low-temperature fluidity improver and, more specifically, it relates to an additive for improving the fluidity of hydrocarbon fuel oils at a low temperature.
2. Background Art
Hydrocarbon fuel oils, for example, light oils, A-type heavy oils and the likes contain n-paraffin wax ingredient and, accordingly, often result in the separation of the n-paraffin wax ingredient during winter seasons in cold districts, thereby causing significant problems for the fluidity of the fuels at a low temperature such as the blocking in oilfeed pipelines and plugging of strainers disposed in fuel supply circuits of internal combustion engines.
In order to solve the problems, additives generally referred to as a low-temperature fluidity improver have been used. Various low-temperature fluidity improvers including ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers have been studied and proposed. For instance, there are known a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and an .alpha.-olefin as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 157106/1979, a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and an .alpha.-olefin esterified with a long-chained alcohol as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 15005/1975 and a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and an .alpha.-olefin modified with an aliphatic amine as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 81307/1979. However, the effect of them can not be considered sufficient.
Recently, a method of blending a second ingredient or a third ingredient has been proposed with an aim of supplementing the effect of the additives mentioned above. For instance, there have been proposed a method as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 86505/1979 of using a second ingredient such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer together with the copolymer of the ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and the .alpha.-olefin modified with the aliphatic amine as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 81307/1979, and a method as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,210,424 of using n-paraffin wax and a nitrogen-containing compound as the second and the third ingredients together with an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the like, but they are still not effective to heavier light oils or heavy oils obtained from heavy crude oils such as Da Qing Oils and Minas Oils and the like containing a great amount of paraffin ingredient.
The present inventors have found the following interesting phenomena in the course of the study for pursuing the relationship between the state of wax separated from fuel oils at a low temperature and the effect of additives with regard to the low-temperature fluidity of the fuel oils.
That is, it is important for improving the low-temperature fluidity of fuel oils (1) to keep the crystal size of the wax separated at a low temperature as small as possible; and (2) to disperse the separated crystals of the wax stably in the oils, for which it has been found that a method of combining two different compounds having respective functions, that is, (1) a compound (fine-crystallizing agent) with a function of rendering the wax into fine crystals and (2) a compound (dispersing agent) with a funciton of dispersing the crystals of the wax stably in the oils is more reasonable and effective than the conventional method of attaining these different functions together in a single compound.
On the basis of the foregoing discovery, the present inventors have sought for compounds which are effective as the fine-crystallizing agent and the dispersing agent as well as the combination thereof, and then have accomplished the low-temperature fluidity improver of this invention.


DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The feature of this invention resides in a low-temperature fluidity improver comprising
(A) an adduct formed by adding a reaction product having the weight average polymerization degree of 1 to 100, which is prepared from an .alpha.-olefin having the average carbon atom number of 10 to 30 and m

REFERENCES:
patent: 4175926 (1979-11-01), Wisotsky
patent: 4192930 (1980-03-01), Beck et al.
patent: 4334038 (1982-06-01), Beck et al.
patent: 4518509 (1985-05-01), Newberry

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