Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Bleaching – Chemical
Patent
1981-10-07
1983-05-10
Clingman, A. Lionel
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Bleaching
Chemical
8108R, 252 95, 252 99, 252102, 2521872, 25218924, 25218725, 25218733, 25218734, D06L 306
Patent
active
043827993
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an improved bleaching agent composition for use in low temperature aqueous systems, e.g., temperatures of 140.degree. F. or less and particularly about 120.degree. F. or less, such as in laundry operations or in the commercial processing of textile materials, e.g., cotton grey goods, cotton/polyester blends and like goods.
The use of halogen-releasing agents for bleaching as well as disinfecting purposes in the processing or laundering of textile materials is, of course, well known, and has a long history. Various inorganic halogen-based bleaching agents are known including not only elemental chlorine gas, but also sodium hypochlorite, etc. In addition, a number of halogen-releasing organic agents have been disclosed as bleaching agents. These include, for instance, halogenated glycourils described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,071,591 and a number of other N-halogenated derivatives of amines, amides, imides, and various N-heterocyclic compounds, such as those mentioned in U.S. Pat. No. 3,412,021.
Characteristically, in previous years, bleaching agents for use in the laundering or processing of textile materials were employed in practice at relatively elevated temperatures of, for instance, about 160.degree. F. (approx. 70.degree. C.). For some years, however, there has been an interest in the processing of textiles in a bleaching environment at lower temperatures--dictated in part from the standpoint of energy conservation measures, and in part from the standpoint of protecting the textile material against chemical damage. At such lower temperatures, however, many of the most commonly used and hitherto satisfactory bleaching agents exhibit a substantially lower amount of activity, and hence are not useful at these temperatures activity.
There has consequently existed for some time a need for improved bleaching agents which can be effectively used at the desired lower processing temperatures. It is a principal object of this invention to provide such improved bleaching compositions, and which also offers a decrease in the amount of organic bleaching additive required for the purpose (thereby decreasing effluent contaminant problems), and with cost saving advantages.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is predicated on the discovery that effective bleaching of textile goods (especially cotton and blends thereof, e.g. cotton/polyester blends) can be accomplished at relatively low temperatures (e.g. below 140.degree. F., and especially below 120.degree. F.) when the goods are exposed to an aqueous solution which contains an amount effective for bleaching of a material capable of generating positive bromine (Br.sup.30) ions during bleaching.
A wide variety of materials may be utilized to provide a source of positive bromine ions (Br.sup.30) including akali metal hypochlorites in combination with a source of bromine (e.g. an alkali metal bromide or an organo-N-bromo compound).
According to one embodiment of the present invention, one may carry out effective low temperature bleaching utilizing a material selected from the group consisting of
(a) an organo-N-bromo compound selected from the group consisting of N-brominated hydantoins; N-brominated isocyanurates; N-brominated melamines; N-brominated glycolurils and mixtures thereof;
(b) an organo-N-chloro-N-bromo compound selected from the group consisting of N-chlorinated-N-brominated hydantoins; N-chlorinated-N-brominated isocyanurates; N-chlorinated-N-brominated melamines; N-chlorinated-N-brominated glycolurils and mixtures thereof; and
(c) an organo-N-chloro compound selected from the group consisting of N-chlorinated hydantoins; N-chlorinated isocyanurates; N-chlorinates melamines; N-chlorinated glycolurils and mixtures thereof, in combination with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal bromide salt, said alkyl containing up to 8 carbons.
As used herein, reference to the various N-brominated hydantoins; N-chlorinated-N-brominated hydantoins; N-chlorinated hydantoins and like hydantoins is intended to include the N-halo compounds
REFERENCES:
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patent: 3412021 (1968-11-01), Paterson
patent: 3966627 (1976-06-01), Gray
patent: 4235599 (1980-11-01), Davis et al.
Davis Thomas B.
Girard Theodore A.
Clingman A. Lionel
Glyco Chemicals, Inc.
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