Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Cast in situ loading bearing monolith with coextensive... – Tie between block-type units
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-12
2001-08-28
Friedman, Carl D. (Department: 3635)
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Cast in situ loading bearing monolith with coextensive...
Tie between block-type units
C052S378000, C052S749100, C052S712000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06279283
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an improved wall tie for a veneer anchoring system for use in conjunction with a wall structure having an inner wythe and an outer wythe, and, more particularly, to construction techniques for embedding low profile wire formatives in the bed joints of the inner and outer wythes having an interlocking arrangement between the wall tie and an inner wythe anchor. One aspect of the invention is to provide the anchoring of an outer wythe of brick or masonry veneer to an inner wythe of masonry block or drywall construction.
2. Description of the Prior Act
In the past, the use of wire formatives have been limited by the mortar layer thicknesses which, in turn are dictated either by the new building specifications or by pre-existing conditions, e.g. matching during renovations or additions the existing mortar layer thickness. While arguments have been made for increasing the number of the fine-wire anchors per unit area of the facing layer, architects and architectural engineers have favored wire formative anchors of sturdier wire. On the other hand, contractors find that heavy-wire anchors, with greater diameters, frequently result in misalignment and look towards substituting thinner gage wire formatives. Such substitution thereby facilitating alignment of courses.
In the past, there have been investigations relating to the effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer construction having wire formative anchors embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer walls. The seismic aspect of these investigations were referenced in the first-named inventor's prior patent, namely U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,875,319 and 5,408,798. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces has resulted in the incorporation of a requirement for continuous wire reinforcement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. The first-named inventor's related Seismiclip
R
and DW-10-X
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products (manufactured by Hohmann & Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788) have become widely accepted in the industry. The use of a wire formative anchors in masonry veneer walls has also demonstrated protectiveness against problems arising from thermal expansion and contraction and has improved the uniformity of the distribution of lateral forces in a structure. However, these investigations do not address the mortar layer thickness vs. the wire diameter of the wire formative or technical problems arising therefrom.
The following patents are believed to be relevant and are disclosed as being known to the inventor hereof:
Patent
Inventor
Issue Date
3,377,764
Storch
04/16/1968
4,021,990
Schwalberg
05/10/1977
4,373,314
Allan
02/15/1983
4,473,984
Lopez
10/02/1984
4,869,038
Catani
09/26/1989
4,875,319
Hohmann
10/24/1989
It is noted that these devices are generally descriptive of wire-to-wire anchors and wall ties and have various cooperative functional relationships with straight wire runs embedded in the interior and/or exterior wythe. Several of the prior art items are of the pintle and eyelet/loop variety.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968
Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990—B. J. Schwalberg—Issued May 10, 1977
Discloses a dry wall construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Like Storch '764, the wall tie is embedded in the exterior wythe and is not attached to a straight wire run.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,314—J. A. Allan—Issued Feb. 15, 1983
Discloses a vertical angle iron with one leg adapted for attachment to a stud; and the other having elongated slots to accommodate wall ties. Insulation is applied between projecting vertical legs of adjacent angle irons with slots being spaced away from the stud to avoid the insulation.
U.S. Pat. No. 4.473.984—Lopez—Issued Oct. 2, 1984
Discloses a curtain-wall masonry anchor system wherein a wall tie is attached to the inner wythe by a self-tapping screw to a metal stud and to the outer wythe by embedment in a corresponding bed joint. The stud is applied through a hole cut into the insulation.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued Sep. 26, 1989
Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. '226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,319—R. Hohmann—Issued Oct. 24, 1989
Discloses a seismic construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Wall tie is distinguished over that of Schwalberg '990 and is clipped onto a straight wire run.
None of the above provide the masonry construction system for an inner masonry wythe and an outer facing wythe with low-profile wire formative wall ties as described hereinbelow.
SUMMARY
In general terms, the invention disclosed hereby includes a veneer anchoring system incorporating a low-profile wall tie for use in the construction of a wall having an inner wythe and an outer facing wythe. The wythes are in a spaced apart relationship and form a cavity therebetween. In the first two embodiements disclosed, a unique combination of a wall anchor and a low-profile wall tie member is provided. The invention contemplates that the primary components of the system are reinforcing wire and wire formatives, such as truss reinforcement or ladder mesh reinforcements, providing wire-to-wire connections therebetween.
In third embodiment, the invention disclosed hereby includes a veneer anchoring system incorporating a low-profile wall tie for use in the construction of a wall having an inner dry-wall wythe and an outer facing wythe. The wythes are in a spaced apart relationship and form a cavity therebetween. In this embodiment, a unique combination of a wall anchor and, a low-profile wall tie member is provided. The invention contemplates that the primary components of the system are veneer anchors, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,021,990 and 4,598,518 and wire formative wall ties providing a positive interlocking connection therebetween.
In the mode of practicing the invention, wherein the inner wythe is constructed from a masonry block material, the masonry anchor has, for example, a truss portion with eye wire extensions welded thereto. The eye wires extend into the cavity between the wythes. Each eye wires accommodates the threading thereonto of a wire wall tie through the open end of the wall tie. The wall tie is then positioned so that the open end is utilizable as part of the facing wall tie. The masonry anchor is embedded in a bed joint of the interior wythe. The facing wythe is anchored by mounting in bed joints of the exterior wythe the open end of the low-profile wire formative wall tie. The low-profile permits the mortar of the bed joint to flow over and about the insertion end of the wall tie and secure the tie to the outer wythe. Because the eye wires have sealed eyelets and the open ends of the wall ties are sealed in the joints of the exterior wythes, a positive interengagement results.
In the mode of practicing the invention, wherein the inner wythe is a dry wall construct, a dry wall anchor, which is a stamped metal unit, is attached by sheetmetal screws to the metal vertical channel members of the wall. Each wall anchor accommodates in an opening therethrough the threading of a low-profile wire formative wall tie. As in the case of the masonry inner wythe, the open end of the wall tie is then positioned so that the open end is utilizable as part of the insertion end of the facing wall tie. The facing wall tie has a compressibly reduced in height and is mounted along the exterior wythe to receive the open end of wire wall tie with each leg thereof b
Hohmann Ronald P.
Hohmann, Jr. Ronald P.
Friedman Carl D.
Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
Nguyen Chi
Silber Siegmar
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