Internal-combustion engines – Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only – Having a particular relationship between injection and...
Reexamination Certificate
2006-05-23
2006-05-23
Wolfe, Jr., Willis R. (Department: 3747)
Internal-combustion engines
Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only
Having a particular relationship between injection and...
C123S568210, C060S278000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07047933
ABSTRACT:
A low emission, direct injection, compression ignition, internal combustion engine operates with reduced charge-air oxygen concentration levels to control localized peak combustion temperatures and reduce NOx formation. Low cetane fuel, below 43 cetane, and most preferably with a cetane rating below 30, is utilized with the combustion system to reduce smoke and PM formation simultaneously with the reduced NOx formation. In a preferred embodiment, FCC Naptha fuel, with a cetane rating below 30 and an end boiling point below 120 degrees Celsius, is used with the combustion system together with the reduced charge-air oxygen concentration levels to produce engine-out NOx emissions of 0.2 g/bhp-hr or lower, and PM emissions at 0.01 g/bhp-hr or lower, without the need for NOx (and potentially PM) aftertreatment. Potential commercial applications of the fuel and combustion system are discussed, including application to vehicle fleets, with novel methods of operating a vehicle fleet (and of providing fuel to such fleets) to meet motor vehicle emissions regulations at a reduced cost also being disclosed.
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The United States of America as represented by the Administrator
Wolfe, Jr. Willis R.
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