Ships – Building – Canal and ferry boats
Patent
1974-07-29
1976-08-03
Shapiro, Jacob
Ships
Building
Canal and ferry boats
61 1F, 61 36A, 62259, 114 40, E02B 1502, F24J 100
Patent
active
039721990
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for reducing ice forces on a marine structure erected in a body of water which becomes frozen through natural weather conditions. The structure has a low-ice-adhesional wall forming its perimetrical surface in the zone where natural ice will freeze onto or impinge against the structure. Enclosed chambers are built within the structure and may be in heat-transmitting relationship with the outer wall. Heat is applied to the chambers to heat and maintain the outer wall at a temperature above the melting point of the natural ice occurring in the water around it. In a preferred embodiment, the marine structure is formed with a heated wall which slopes upwardly and inwardly in the area of ice contact to provide a ramp-like surface upon which a sheet of ice will be forced with reduced friction as it moves against the structure. Thus, an edge of the sheet of ice will be prevented from strongly adhering to the structure either initially or subsequently. This sufficiently weakened ice-to-surface bond without heat or reduced heat to the outer wall allows the ice sheet to be lifted above its normal position on the water surface as the ice moves against the structure, causing the sheet to break any weak surface bond so it can be bent and fractured as it rides by the coated ramp-like surface and thereby reducing the force imposed by it on the structure. An alternate embodiment for reducing ice forces takes the form of a fully or partially coated cone or a cone made from material having low ice-adhesion properties. This embodiment may or may not be in combination with a heated surface.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2433210 (1947-12-01), Gits
patent: 3448585 (1969-06-01), Vogelsang
patent: 3831385 (1974-08-01), Hudson et al.
The Oil and Gas Journal of Sept. 14, 1970 pp. 60,61.
Hudson Thomas A.
Strickland, Jr. Gordon E.
Chevron Research Company
Freeland, Jr. R. L.
Kloeppel R. T.
Shapiro Jacob
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