Gear cutting – milling – or planing – Milling – Including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
Patent
1998-11-03
2000-01-11
Howell, Daniel W.
Gear cutting, milling, or planing
Milling
Including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
408234, 409235, B23Q 162
Patent
active
060128844
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of machine tools and more particularly to modifications with which high-speed displacements along three axes X, Y and Z of a slide carrying the movable machining tool can be achieved under the best conditions.
2. Description of the Related Art
High-speed machining of parts in a machine tool generally takes place using rotary tools installed at the end of a slide, which itself is mounted to be movable along three axes, two of which X, Y are disposed in a plane P(x,y) parallel to the plane of machining of the parts and the third Z is disposed in a plane P(x,z) perpendicular to the same plane of machining of the parts.
To facilitate reading of the description to follow, the plane of machining of parts will be assumed to be vertical, as is the case in the majority of embodiments of machine tools of this type in the field of high-speed machining, and so the plane P(x,y) of the first two axes X and Y is considered to be vertical and the plane P(x,z) of the third axis Z is considered to be horizontal.
A machine tool for high-speed machining is generally provided with three main working stations, to wit: the end of the slide and shaping the part to be machined, assembly of mechanisms that ensure in particular the X, Y and Z displacements of the slide, which also ensures the rotary movement of the tool carried at the end, and program of instructions preestablished to organize and take charge of the different phases of machining of the part.
In such machine tools, the logical structure of the machine is built substantially around the drive station and in particular as a function of the arrangement of rails guiding the reciprocating rectilinear displacements of the slide along the three axes X, Y and Z. The traditional design of the frame of such a machine comprises disposing: transverse horizontal displacements of the slide along the X axis, vertical displacements of the slide along the Y axis and perpendicular to the X axis, the rails for transverse horizontal displacements along the X axis, to enable the horizontal longitudinal displacements of the slide along the Z axis, perpendicular to the X and Y axes.
Within the context of the invention, the transverse and longitudinal displacements X and Z respectively of the slide are understood as being relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine, along which there are aligned the three working stations.
Although such an arrangement is not currently the subject of any development in the field of machine tools, this nondevelopment is because translational movements of the movable mechanisms are generally driven by rotating electric motors cooperating with belts and gears to convert the rotary movements into linear movements. In addition, since the problem of a floor space requirement of machine tools is not the main concern of the manufacturers, this triaxial logical arrangement has never been questioned, because it offers more convenient seating of the frame on the floor, especially when the mechanisms making up the machine tool, such as tool cassettes, motors, etc. are cumbersome and heavy.
A new machine concept has been to provide machines in which the two horizontal rails enabling the displacements (arrow X) along the X axis are disposed in parallel and one above the other in the plane P(x,y). The machine tools described in European Patent No. 0614724 and in German Patent No. 3704952 provide such a logical structure in which: P(x,y) enable the transverse horizontal displacements (arrow X) of the slide along the X axis, and P(x,y), enable the vertical displacements (arrow Y) of the slide along the Y axis, perpendicular to the X axis. The two structures differ in that the structure described by the European Patent is not provided with rails or slide blocks permitting it to move its tool perpendicular to the plane P(x,y), or in other words along the Z axis. Instead, the part holder is provided with a kinematic linkage permitting it to move to and fro perpendicular to the
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Howell Daniel W.
Renault-Automation
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