Lockable differential gear

Details Lockable differential gear Lockable differential gear

1991-03-27

1994-09-27

Wright, Dirk

Planetary gear transmission systems or components

Differential planetary gearing

Bevel gear differential

475238, 475231, F16H 1445

Patent

active

053503406

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a differential gear having these features: one planetary gear, mobile clutch component connects the planet carrier with an output shaft. carrier, shaft, main component, component and by a second bearing in the intermediate ring part.
A differential of this kind is mostly used as a transversal differential between the drive wheels of a drive axle and as a longitudinal differential between the two drive axles of a vehicle. The clutch has to prevent the skidding of a drive wheel on slippery ground.
When external forces, for instance of a universal joint between the output shaft and a steered drive wheel of the vehicle axially move the output shaft under full load, the axially parallel engaging surfaces of the engaging gears of the output shaft transmit high axial forces through friction from the output shaft to the axially mobile clutch component. In order to avoid these undesirable axial friction forces, in a known arrangement (DE-A-38 08 066, FIGS. 2 ad 3) the axially mobile clutch component is supported in the planet carrier by means of an engaging gear. The thereto pertaining actuation device for the clutch is a part of the differential gear. The axially stationary clutch component which corotatably connected with the output shaft, is at the same time the inner disk carrier of a friction clutch. Axial friction forces can here act upon the friction disks and/or the bearing of the differential gear.
In the differential gear with differential lock according to U.S. Pat. No. 2,017,577, the axially stationary clutch component is supported in the axle housing by means of a radial ball bearing. This ball bearing is not suitable for bracing against axial forces.
It is the object of the invention to create a differential gear of the aforedescribed kind, wherein the axially mobile clutch component and the axially stationary clutch component are arranged so that disturbing influences originating from axial friction forces are excluded.
According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that the stationary clutch component is held by two axial bearing axially fixed with respect to the second main component. This solution insures that the axially mobile as well as the axially stationary clutch component are both free from axial friction forces, so that disturbing influences on one of the friction clutches of the differential gear, respectively the continuously controllable friction clutch for the connection of the planet carrier with the output shaft are precluded.
A differential gear according to claims 2 and claim 3 can be controlled and adjusted so that it makes possible a free engine speed compensation (with minimal friction torque) as well as an actuation with full engine output over a single drive wheel (with maximum friction torque).
With the features according to claim 4 an actuatable clutch can be built as a friction clutch with small dimensions, while the brakes are actuated as steering brakes, only thereby already preventing the skidding of a drive wheel.
With the features according to claim 5, it is enough to provide a single brake for at least two drive wheels, because the clutch transmits a braking torque of the brake to both output shafts of the differential gear .
The drawing shows preferred embodiment examples of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a first differential gear,
FIG. 2 shows a further differential gear,
FIG. 3 shows a differential gear according to claim 4,
FIG. 4 shows a differential gear according to claim 5.
FIG. 1: A planet carrier 1 of a differential gear 2 is supported rotatably and axially stationary in a first bearing 3 in a first main component 4 of a gear housing 5 and in a second bearing 6 in an intermediate ring component 7 of the gear housing 5. The planet carrier 1 carries planetary gears 8 on a planet axle 9. The planet carrier 1 drives a first and center gear 10, 11 over the planetary gears 8.
A first and a second friction clutch 12, 13 automatically connect the planet carrier 1 with the first and second center gears 10, 11.
The first and t

REFERENCES:
patent: 2017577 (1935-10-01), Adams
patent: 4113044 (1978-09-01), Williams et al.

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