Telecommunications – Transmitter and receiver at separate stations – Single message via plural carrier wave transmission
Patent
1996-04-23
1998-01-27
Kuntz, Curtis
Telecommunications
Transmitter and receiver at separate stations
Single message via plural carrier wave transmission
455 541, 379 59, H04B 100, H04B 700
Patent
active
057130736
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application claims benefit of international application PCT/FI95/00449, filed Aug. 23, 1995.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mobile communication system comprising mobile stations, base stations, base station controllers, mobile exchanges, and visitor location registers, each of said visitor location registers maintaining the subscriber and location data of mobile subscribers visiting its service area, and a sub-location register for a particular sub-area in the service area of at least one visitor location register, the mobile stations being arranged to perform a location updating when moving from one location area into another.
As is well known, the geographical area covered by cellular communication and mobile telephone systems is divided, in order that the frequency spectrum can be used more efficiently, into smaller radio areas, i.e. cells, in which mobile stations may freely move. Mobile communication systems maintain special registers, which store data on the current location of a mobile station. For mobile terminating call routing, each mobile station must have a so-called home location register in the mobile communication network for maintaining information on the location of the mobile station with a certain accuracy. In addition, mobile communication networks comprise visitor location registers, which contain all the location, etc., data of mobile stations located (visiting) in the area managed by the visitor location register. The service area of the visitor location register is further geographically divided into location areas, each consisting of one or more cells. Each mobile station is always located in one of the location areas in a mobile communication network. The location area information broadcast by a base station indicates to the mobile station which location area the base station and the cell belong to. When moving from a base station (cell) area to another, the mobile station compares the location area identifier of the new base station with the location area identifier of the previous base station stored in its memory, and if the location area identifiers of the base stations differ from each other, the mobile station performs a so-called location updating to the mobile communication network. This is done by updating the location data of the mobile station in the visitor location register. If the visitor location register also changes, the new visitor location register reports to the home location register, which stores information on the new visitor location register to the mobile station location data to route mobile terminating calls. If the mobile station moves from one cell into another within the same location area, the location area identifier does not change, and no location updating to the mobile communication network is required.
In present-day mobile communication systems, location registers are hierarchically equal by nature: one visitor location register for one geographical area. As the number of subscribers increases, the number of visitor location registers has to be increased (for instance, one visitor location register per 100,000 subscribers). In big cities, the number of subscribers can be expected to amount to millions, which means tens of visitor location registers. Location updating traffic will thus constitute a significant part of the load of a mobile communication network and will be an important factor affecting the design of mobile communication network capacity. The traffic load of home location registers increases correspondingly along with the number of visitor location registers and subscribers changing location between them.
A location area also constitutes the smallest paging area, which is also a criterion for designing a mobile communication network. Reducing the size of a geographical paging area also reduces paging traffic but correspondingly increases location updating traffic. For instance, further development of the present-day mobile communication systems has brought out services in which a paging are
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Bhattacharya Sam
Kuntz Curtis
Nokia Telecommunications Oy
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