Lithium-salt reference half-cell for potentiometric determinatio

Details Lithium-salt reference half-cell for potentiometric determinatio Lithium-salt reference half-cell for potentiometric determinatio

1989-03-24

1991-01-01

Niebling, John F.

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy

Processes and products

Processes of treating materials by wave energy

20415321, 204433, G01N 2726

Patent

active

049815679

ABSTRACT:
The present invention provides an electrolyte solution, a reference half-cell, and a complete electrochemical cell particularly useful in making pH measurements of industrial and waste streams having suspended solids or high salt concentrations. An electrolyte solution containing water; at least one lithium salt, e.g. lithium chloride; and at least one ionic species at a constant electrochemical potential, e.g. silver chloride, buffered to a constant pH, is used in the half-cell and complete electrochemical cell. A high concentration of total ions in the electrolyte solution provides a flow direction out of the cell into the test stream, thereby reducing or eliminating the problems of cell contamination and plugging previously encountered. A second solution of high total ionic concentration, e.g. lithium nitrate, is also provided as a salt bridge in the cells to further insure diffusion of the cell electrolyte solution out into the stream being tested.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3103480 (1963-09-01), Watanabe et al.
patent: 4166021 (1979-08-01), Ross, Jr. et al.
patent: 4333810 (1982-06-01), Wllcott
patent: 4401548 (1983-08-01), Brezinski
Ives et al., Reference Electrodes, (1961), pp. 155, 156, 181, 203, 449-451.
Grove--Rasmussen, K. V., Acta Chem. Scand. 5 (1951), 422-430.

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