Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1997-02-21
1998-06-16
Hoke, Veronica P.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
47 9, 252587, 4233282, 524492, 523135, C08K 53435, C01B 3326, A01G 700
Patent
active
057671796
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a novel hydroxide complex with condensed silicate represented by the formula (I) O.sub.2y+1.sup.2-).sub.1+x.mH.sub.2 O (I) in the ranges of 0.ltoreq.m<5, 0.ltoreq.x<1 and 2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.4, a process for its preparation, an infrared absorber and an agricultural film each containing it.
BACKGROUND ART
An agricultural film which is being used in a greenhouse cultivation such as growing in houses or tunnels is required to have characteristic properties such that infrared rays radiated from the ground and plants are prevented from being liberated outside the houses or tunnels by the absorption, reflection, etc. during the night while the sunlight is transmitted efficently at a high transmission rate into the houses or tunnels during the daytime. It is known that the infrared rays radiated at a high radiation rate from the ground and plants lie in wavelengths ranging from 5 to 25 .mu.m. It is required for the agricultural film to be capable of absorbing infrared rays having wavelengths from 5 to 25 .mu.m, especially wavelengths in the vicinity of 10 .mu.m which is the maximum radiation rate.
For the above agricultural film, magnesium carbonate, magnesium silicate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hyroxide, calcium hydroxide, phosphates, silicates, hydrotalcites have been hitherto employed as infrared absorbers.
However, these inorganic powders have both respective merits and demerits, and none of them fully meet the above requirements for properties. For example, silicon dioxide and magnesium sulfate are excellent in the infrared absorptivity but have problems in the refractive index and dispersibility with the result that the resultant final films have poor light transmittance. Thus, they are not suitable for use as the agricultural films. Also, hydrotalcites are relatively excellent in the dispersibility and refractive index but the resultant final films containing them do not have satisfactory infrared absorptivity.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel hydroxide complex salt which has a high ability to absorb infrared rays and good dispersibility when incorporated into a resin, and which has a refractive index close to that of the resin, and which is suitable to impart excellent heat insulation property and transparency when the resin composition is formed into a film and to provide a process for preparing it, an infrared absorber and an agricultural film each containing it.
As a result of having ardently studied to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that condensed silicate ion has a high ability to absorb infrared rays having wavelengths in the vicinity of 10 .mu.m, and have further found that the above problems may be solved by intercalating condensed silicate ions into the interlayers of a basic hydroxide complex salt which has the basal skeleton composed of an aluminum hydroxide octahedron layer of the gibbsite structure and which is represented by the formula (II) (A.sup.n-).sub.1+x.mH.sub.2 O (II) the ranges of 0.ltoreq.m<5, 0.ltoreq.x<1 and A.sup.n- is an anion having a valence of n, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention relates to a hydroxide complex condensed silicate represented by the formula (I) O.sub.2y+1.sup.2-).sub.1+x.mH.sub.2 O (I) in the ranges of 0.ltoreq.m<5, 0.ltoreq.x<1 and 2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.4 (hereinafter, referred to as Compound (I)), an infrared absorber and an agricultural film each containing Compound (I) as an effective ingredient.
The Compound (I) shown in the above is one whose basal skeleton is formed by entering a lithium and a divalent metal ions into a vacant site of an aluminum hydroxide octahedron layer of the gibbsite structure and whose interlayers are intercalated with a condensed silicate ion. As divalent metals, they are not limited particularly. However, Mg, Zn and Ca are preferred from the viewpoints that they enable easy
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Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Hoke Veronica P.
Novick Harold L.
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