Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Using magnetic force
Reexamination Certificate
2000-07-21
2001-12-04
Reifsnyder, David A. (Department: 1723)
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Using magnetic force
C210S222000, C210S232000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06325942
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to devices used to physically alter the molecular structure of a body of liquid. More particularly, the present invention relates to devices using magnets which create magnetic lines of flux through which a liquid flows to physically alter the molecular structure of a body of liquid.
Liquid water is made up of approximately 50% single H
2
O molecules and 50% super molecules or complexes of 50 to 200 H
2
O molecules. The super molecules encircle and encapsulate foreign particles in the liquid. Foreign particles that are encapsulated are not available to serve as nucleation sites. Nucleation sites are necessary as starting points for all phase changes such as boiling and freezing and the crystallization of minerals.
When calcium carbonate becomes over concentrated in water, either by heating or evaporating of the water, the calcium carbonate solidifies. The calcium carbonate requires nucleation sites to start solidifying. If sufficient nucleation sites do not exist in foreign particles in the water, the calcium carbonate solidifies on surfaces exposed to the water such as a coil or the inside walls of pipe. The calcium carbonate forms calcium carbonate crystals which firmly attached to these surfaces. The calcium carbonate crystals then serve as nucleation sites for more crystallization so that layers of calcium carbonate crystals are formed. The layers of calcium carbonate crystals are commonly referred to as calcium carbonate or hard lime scale.
When water flows past a series of magnets at a certain speed, the water is effected by magnetic lines of flux produced by the magnets. The water passes through a certain number of lines of flux each second and thus a frequency is produced. If this frequency matches the resonance frequency of the water, the frequency created by the magnets “fractures” the water so that the super molecules no longer encapsulate foreign particles in the water thus making the internal foreign particles of water available as nucleation sites on which the over concentrated calcium carbonate can solidify. This fracturing of the water is similar to vibrations of a earthquake causing a “resonance catastrophe” to buildings and other structures.
Because of the resonance, a significant number of these water super molecules are opened to expose the foreign particle and thus provides the over concentrated calcium carbonate nucleation sites within the water. The calcium carbonate molecules that are encapsulated within the water will typically join and grow evenly on all sides around the foreign particle to form what visually would look like circular discs. These circular disc-shaped calcium carbonate molecules do not crystallize on pipes and typically flow down a the drain or settle in a very low velocity area such as a sump basin to form a soft, very fine mud. This soft mud or soft calcium carbonate is sometimes called aragonite because of its crystalline shape versus calcite which is hard lime scale. See the following articles, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein, for additional information about the effects of magnetic fields on moving water;
H
2
O? The Glory and the Riddle
, Dr. Klaus J. Kronenberg and
Experimental Evidence For Effects Of Magnetic Fields On Moving Water
, Dr. Klaus J. Kronenberg, IEEE Transactions On Magnets, Vol. Mag. 21, No. 5, September 1985, pgs. 2059-2061.
It is known to provide treatment cores having magnets to produce a frequency that affects the water's ability to form lime scale. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,357,237; 4,455,229; 4,050,426; D253,841; 4,430,785; 3,951,807; 4,153,559; 4,299,700; 4,320,003, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. Ring magnets with concentrator rings on both poles (top and bottom) and non-magnetic spacers between each magnet produce a frequency as water passes by each magnet. The lines of flux from each magnet are drawn to the inside of the water pipe via a steel rod in the center of the pipe and back to the opposite pole so the water passing around the steel rod meets each magnetic line of flux at a right angle.
According to the present invention, a liquid treatment unit is provided. The water treatment unit includes first and second pipe couplers spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal axis and first and second treatment cores. The first and second treatment cores extend between the first and second pipe couplers. Each of the first and second treatment cores includes a pipe, a rod, and a plurality of magnets. The pipes of the first and second treatment cores include an outer surface and an inner surface that defines an interior region through which liquid is permitted to flow. The rods of the first and second treatment cores extend through the interior region of the pipe. The plurality of magnets of the first and second treatment cores are coupled to the pipe. The magnets include spaced-apart north and south poles and the magnets and the rods cooperate to create magnetic lines of flux flowing through the interior regions of the pipes. The magnets of the first and second treatment cores are positioned to align the north poles of the first treatment core magnets with the north poles of the second treatment core magnets along the longitudinal axis and align the south poles of the first treatment magnets with the south poles of the second treatment core magnets along the longitudinal axis.
In preferred embodiments, the treatment core further includes a bypass core extending between the first and second pipe couplers. The bypass core and the first and second treatment cores are sealed to the first and second pipe couplers.
A method for treating a liquid is also provided. The method provides first and second pipes, a plurality of magnets coupled to the first and second pipes, and first and second rods. The first and second rods extend through the first and second pipes, respectively. The magnets include north and south poles. The magnets are coupled to the first and second pipes so that the north poles of the magnets coupled to the first pipe are aligned with the north poles of the magnets coupled to the second pipe and the south poles of the magnets coupled to the first pipe are aligned with the south poles of the magnets coupled to the second pipe. The magnets and rods extending through the first and second pipes cooperate to create magnetic lines of flux in the first and second pipes. Liquid is passed through the magnetic lines of flux in the first and second pipes to treat the liquid.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments exemplifying the best mode of carrying out the invention as presently perceived.
REFERENCES:
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patent: 3951807 (1976-04-01), Sanderson
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patent: 4216092 (1980-08-01), Shalhoob et al.
patent: 4299700 (1981-11-01), Sanderson
patent: 4320003 (1982-03-01), Sanderson et al.
patent: 4357237 (1982-11-01), Sanderson
patent: 4430785 (1984-02-01), Sanderson
patent: 4455229 (1984-06-01), Sanderson et al.
patent: 5043063 (1991-08-01), Latimer
“Experimental Evidence For Effects of Magnetic Fields on Moving Water,” Dr. Klaus J. Kronenberg, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. MAG. 21, No. 5 Sep. 1985.
“H2O? The Glory and the Riddle,” Dr. Klaus J. Kronenberg, Undated.
Bose McKinney & Evans LLP
Reifsnyder David A.
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