Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1986-12-16
1989-10-24
Gallagher, John J.
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156334, 427154, 4273855, 524549, 526272, C09J 500
Patent
active
048759643
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The document US-A-4,001,159 describes an aqueous dispersion of an olefin-acrylate copolymer comprising from 5 to 60 mol% of an olefin containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, from 40 to 95 mol% of acrylate and from 0 to 30 mol% of a compound chosen from acryloyl halides and maleic anhydride, the said copolymer being present in a proportion of 1 to 300 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water. Since the olefin-acrylate copolymer is soluble in many solvents such as hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, amides, ethers and halogenated hydrocarbons, the aqueous dispersion may be produced by first preparing a solution with a viscosity ranging up to 60 poises and then dispersing the solution in water and, finally, removing the solvent. To produce a stable aqueous dispersion, the dispersion must be performed in the presence of a preferably nonionic or anionic surface-active agent, used in a proportion of 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the olefin-acrylate copolymer.
Document FR-A-2,386,402 describes a process for coating a substrate with a layer of polymer, the said process comprising: in that the polymer suspension is obtained by quenching a solution of the said polymer. The polymers envisaged include a polyethylene grafted with a small quantity of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid. The organic liquid may be a solvent for the said polymer, such as, in particular, a paraffinic hydrocarbon. The polymer concentration in the suspension is preferably below 8% by weight. The quenching operation is preferably performed at a temperature not exceeding 50.degree. C.
A first object of the present invention consists of liquid mixtures comprising at least one ethylene polymer (A) and at least one solvent (B), which are characterized in that: flow index of between 2 and 500 dg/min and comprising: units derived from at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, the alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and from 0.3 to 2 mol% of units derived from maleic anhydride, hydrocarbons containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, esters and chlorinated solvents.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the terpolymer has a number average molecular mass Mn which is greater than or equal to 5,000 and/or a polydispersity index (defined as the ratio of the weight average molecular mass Mw to Mn and calculated from the distribution curve of molecular masses, which is obtained by gel permeation chromatography) greater than 5. As possible examples of solvents (B) there may be mentioned, in particular: n-pentane, n-hexane, methylcyclohexane, n-heptane, xylene, styrene, white spirit, a hydrocarbon cut containing from 9 to 12 carbon atoms such as that marketed under the trademark Isopar, phthalate esters such as butyl phthalate, and chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene.
The liquid mixtures according to the invention may be divided up into two categories:
on the one hand, the homogeneous solutions of at least one ethylene polymer (A) in at least one solvent (B), and
on the other hand, the aqueous emulsions produced from the abovementioned homogeneous solutions.
In order to retain the ease of use of the homogeneous solutions, it is desirable that their viscosity should not exceed a certain limit, as is known to the specialist. For this reason, the concentration of the terpolymer in the solvent (B) is preferably lower than or equal to 40% by weight, this limit being the lower the lower the flow index of the terpolymer and the lower the temperature; for example, the concentration of a terpolymer with a flow index equal to 7 dg/min should not exceed approximately 15% by weight at 30.degree. C. However, by starting with the polymer (A) as defined above, it is possible to obtain more concentrated solutions (for example 50% by weight) which are particularly suitable for being converted into emulsions.
The liquid mixtures according to the invention may furthermore comprise at least one (colouring pigment) (such as a phthalocyanine) in a proportion which is lower than or equal t
REFERENCES:
patent: 3215657 (1965-11-01), Beresniewicz et al.
Gallagher John J.
Societe Chimique Des Charbonnages S.A.
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