Pumps – One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another – Jet
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-21
2001-07-17
Tyler, Cheryl J. (Department: 3746)
Pumps
One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another
Jet
C417S196000, C417S183000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06261067
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the field of jet technology, primarily to liquid-gas jet apparatuses for evacuation or creation of a vacuum.
Liquid-gas jet apparatuses, comprising an active nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixing chamber, a diffuser and ducts for supply of active and passive mediums, are known (see book of K. P. Shoumskoy “Vacuum apparatuses and devices”, M., Mashgiz, 1963, pages 476-477).
However, these jet apparatuses have a relatively low efficiency factor, which limits their application range.
The starting point of this invention is a liquid-gas jet apparatus comprising an active nozzle and a mixing chamber with a diffuser. Optimal relative sizes of the mixing chamber and the active nozzle of this apparatus are determined by a formula depending on the ratio between the pressure differential of mediums' mixture and pressure differential of active liquid medium (see book of Sokolov[a] E. Y. and others, “Jet apparatuses”, M., Energy, 1970, page 209).
However, operation of these jet apparatuses is accompanied by significant energy losses during the mediums' mixing process, which accounts for low efficiency of these devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The technical problem to be solved by this invention is an increase of efficiency of a liquid-gas jet apparatus by optimization of the mixing process for gaseous and liquid mediums in a flow-through channel of the jet apparatus.
The mentioned problem is solved as follows: a liquid-gas jet apparatus comprising an active nozzle and a mixing chamber has the surface area of the minimal cross-section of the mixing chamber representing from about 1.1 to about 7.98 times that of the surface area of the minimal cross-section of the active liquid nozzle.
Research has shown, that the mode of mixing of an active (ejecting) liquid and a passive (evacuated) gas significantly affects the efficiency factor of the liquid-gas jet apparatus because the biggest losses, especially hit losses, take place just at the moment of the first contact of the highly dynamic liquid medium and evacuated gaseous medium. That is why correlation of sizes of the minimal cross-section (as a rule an outlet cross-section) of the active nozzle and the minimal cross-section of the mixing chamber is one of the main factors affecting effectiveness of the jet apparatus. The above mentioned correlation of sizes of the mixing chamber and active nozzle of the vacuum-producing liquid-gas jet apparatus provides conditions, in which the liquid flow is finely dispersed in the mixing chamber after passing through the active nozzle and blocks the flow area of the mixing chamber. This prevents reverse flow from the jet apparatus outlet and the forming of eddy zones along the walls of the entrance section of the mixing chamber. All of which results in a higher efficiency of the jet apparatus due to reduction of hydraulic resistance and consequently the reduction of energy losses.
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Shumski K.P., “Vacuum Apparatuses and Devices” book, 1963, USSR, Moscow, “Mashigiz” Publishing House, pp. 476-477.
Sokolov E.Y., “Jet Apparatuses” book, 1970, USSR, Moscow, “Energy” Publishing house, p. 209.
Oathout Mark A.
Petroukhine Evgueni D.
Tyler Cheryl J.
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