Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Combining of separately supplied fluids – Including whirler device to induce fluid rotation
Patent
1995-02-07
1997-02-18
Morris, Lesley D.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Combining of separately supplied fluids
Including whirler device to induce fluid rotation
239424, B05B 706, B05B 710
Patent
active
056034563
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a liquid fuel burner, and more particularly, to a liquid fuel burner suitable for various types of furnaces using radiant heat transfer from a flame, such as a glass melting furnace.
BACKGROUND ART
In glass melting furnaces, a burner has conventionally been used in which a liquid fuel, such as fuel oil or kerosene, is burned in air for uniform temperature rise and heating of the glass. In these furnaces, a melting method is employed whereby the flame is not brought in direct contact with the glass, but rather the glass is heated primarily by transfer of radiant heat.
However, when air is used as the combusting-assisting gas, the volume of exhaust gas increases since nitrogen is contained in the air that does not contribute to combustion. Moreover, the heat loss due to the exhaust gas carried away from the furnace also increases, thus resulting in poor thermal efficiency. In addition, the NOX emission level produced is also very high.
The use of oxygen for the combusting-assisting gas is then considered. When oxygen is used for the combustion-assisting gas, since the amount of combustion exhaust gas is reduced to roughly 1/5 in comparison with that in the case of using air, the amount of heat carried away by the combustion exhaust gas is also reduced to roughly 1/4 to 1/5. Together with this resulting in higher thermal efficiency, the amount of NOX produced is also considerably reduced.
However, the flame produced by a conventional liquid fuel burner that uses oxygen gas for the combustion-assisting gas is extremely disadvantageous for use as melting means consisting primarily of radiant heat transfer from the flame. The following provides a detailed description of this.
As disclosed in, for example, the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 4,216,908, liquid fuel gas burners of the prior art that use oxygen gas for the combusting-assisting gas are composed of a fuel feed pipe having a fuel spray nozzle at its distal end, a combusting-assisting gas feed pipe provided concentrically on the outside of said fuel supply pipe to form a combusting-assisting gas passage, a swirler arranged within the above-mentioned fuel supply pipe in close proximity to the above-mentioned fuel spray nozzle, and a plurality of combustion-assisting gas spray nozzles provided continuous with the above-mentioned combustion-assisting gas passage around the above-mentioned fuel spray nozzle.
Together with liquid fuel being sprayed in the form of a mist from the above-mentioned fuel spray nozzle at a large angle of 30 degrees, or more, through the swirler, oxygen gas is flowed from the above-mentioned combustion-assisting nozzles at a velocity of from 50 to 200 m/sec followed by combustion of the sprayed liquid fuel.
With this structure, the liquid fuel is vigorously mixed with the oxygen gas and burned at high speed. As a result, a high-temperature flame having a short flame length is formed producing at a temperature 600.degree. to 800.degree. C. higher than the case of using air. By then directing this high-temperature flame onto the object to be heated, the object to be heated can be heated to a high temperature. Moreover, since the radical substances contained in the flame generate heat when they change to stable substances of carbon dioxide and water after colliding with the object to be heated, the object to be heated can be heated to even higher temperatures.
Thus, although burners of the prior art that use oxygen gas for the combustion-assisting gas are effective for direct heat melting of the object to be heated, since velocity of oxygen gas flowed from the above-mentioned combustion-assisting gas nozzles is rapid, mixing of the liquid fuel and oxygen gas is accelerated. Since the burning velocity becomes correspondingly faster, flame length becomes shorter. Moreover, since the proportion of the luminous flame portion of the flame that is effective in radiant heat transfer is short at about 40 to 60% of flame length (in the case of using a petroleum-based liquid fuel, such as fuel
REFERENCES:
patent: 2551276 (1951-05-01), McMahan
patent: 3013732 (1961-12-01), Webster et al.
patent: 3979069 (1976-09-01), Garofalo
patent: 4216908 (1980-08-01), Sakurai et al.
patent: 4261517 (1981-04-01), Hopkins et al.
patent: 4379689 (1983-04-01), Morck, Jr.
Akimoto Takamasa
Fujiwara Masaki
Igarashi Hiroshi
Iino Kimio
Sanui Hiroshi
Morris Lesley D.
Nippon Sanso Corporation
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