Liquid flow proximity sensor for use in immersion lithography

Measuring and testing – With fluid pressure – Dimension – shape – or size

Reexamination Certificate

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C073S105000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07021119

ABSTRACT:
An apparatus and method for precisely detecting very small distances between a measurement probe and a surface, and more particularly to a proximity sensor using a constant liquid flow and sensing a liquid mass flow rate within a bridge to detect very small distances. Within the apparatus the use of a flow restrictor and/or snubber made of porous material and/or a liquid mass flow rate controller enables detection of very small distances in the nanometer to sub-nanometer range. A further embodiment wherein a measurement channel of a proximity sensor is connected to multiple measurement branches.

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