Electric heating – Heating devices – Combined with container – enclosure – or support for material...
Patent
1986-10-27
1989-10-10
Bartis, Anthony
Electric heating
Heating devices
Combined with container, enclosure, or support for material...
165170, 219365, 237 16, H05B 102, F24H 310
Patent
active
048734217
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a liquid-filled electric radiator having an upper distribution duct and a lower collection duct. The two ducts are in liquid communication with each other through on one hand, a number of connecting ducts within the radiator body and on the other hand, through a separate vessel connected to the radiator. The vessel is connected to the distribution and collection ducts at two diagonally opposing positions on the radiator and houses an electric immersion heating element for heating the liquid. The heating element is arranged in the part of the vessel immediately adjacent and parallel to the collecting duct.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Liquid-filled electric radiators are coming more and more into use. The liquid in such radiators is usually transformer oil, which has suitable properties for the purpose. The immersion heater used for heating the oil is arranged within the space in the radiator which is used for the oil flow, usually a collection duct situated downwards in the radiator. In such a case the heater is inserted in the collection duct from one short end of the radiator. The insertion opening then being closed by a liquid-sealing stub through which the electric supply lines to the heater pass out to the inside of a casing for electric components. The casing is thus arranged as an extension of the lower end portion of the radiator. Such a known radiator is described in French Pat. No. 1 586 411.
Such known liquid-filled electric radiators have a disadvantage in that the liquid is heated by the immersion heater at the lowest point of the radiator to obtain circulation by convection. The heat-emitting plates of the radiator will thus be warmer downwards than they are upwards, which has an unfavourable effect on the air intended to be heated by the radiator, since the air in the room where the radiator is placed normally circulates from the floor and up to the ceiling. The known liquid-filled electric radiators, which emit more heat downwards near the floor than at their upper portion situated closer to the ceiling thus have poor efficiency. The cold air stream in the room first meets the highest temperature of the radiator and takes up heat, while the heat exchange further up along the radiator surface will be poor, since the air has already become well-heated at its previous contact with the lower portion of the radiator.
A further disadvantage in the known liquid-filled electric radiators is that due to the greater heat in the downward portions, where the casing for the electric components is also situated, the casing has a high interior temperature. Measurements have shown that in a liquid-filled electric radiator with a surface temperature of 80.degree. C., the temperature inside the casing is approximately 40.degree. C. This makes the casing unsuitable, if not impossible, as a location for mounting the radiator thermostat.
To solve the disadvantages mentioned above it has been proposed to arrange the electric immersion heating element in a separate vessel. Liquid-filled radiators of this type are known from, e.g. French Pat. No. 922 393. The radiators are of a casted grill type having the separate vessel arranged under the radiator body. The vessel is connected to the end of the collection duct via a longer return tube and to the end of the distribution duct via a separate ascending tube for the liquid heated in the vessel. An inconvenient drawback of the radiator shown in the French patent is the demand for a thermostat controlling the energy supply from the electric heating element independent of the temperature of the return liquid. Another drawback is that the vessel, as well, as the tubes, are arranged outside the border lines of the radiator body.
Also, electric radiators of panel type are previously known, e.g. from Norwegian Pat. Nos. 61 522 and 59 936, where a vessel body having a circular cross section is arranged in a vertical position between two parallel-plane panel radiator bodies. The vertical vessel is connected to the collection
REFERENCES:
patent: 1727564 (1929-09-01), Salisbury
Brehmer Roland
Papi Adolfo
AB Fellingsbro Verkstader
Bartis Anthony
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